DLPS231B October   2021  – October 2024 DLPC3421

PRODUCTION DATA  

  1.   1
  2. 1 Features
  3. 2 Applications
  4. 3 Description
  5. 4 Pin Configuration and Functions
  6. 5 Specifications
    1. 5.1  Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 5.2  ESD Ratings
    3. 5.3  Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 5.4  Thermal Information
    5. 5.5  Power Electrical Characteristics
    6. 5.6  Pin Electrical Characteristics
    7. 5.7  Internal Pullup and Pulldown Electrical Characteristics
    8. 5.8  DMD Sub-LVDS Interface Electrical Characteristics
    9. 5.9  DMD Low-Speed Interface Electrical Characteristics
    10. 5.10 System Oscillator Timing Requirements
    11. 5.11 Power Supply and Reset Timing Requirements
    12. 5.12 Parallel Interface Video Frame Timing Requirements
    13. 5.13 Parallel Interface General Timing Requirements
    14. 5.14 DSI Host Timing Requirements
    15. 5.15 Flash Interface Timing Requirements
    16. 5.16 Other Timing Requirements
    17. 5.17 DMD Sub-LVDS Interface Switching Characteristics
    18. 5.18 DMD Parking Switching Characteristics
    19. 5.19 Chipset Component Usage Specification
  7. 6 Detailed Description
    1. 6.1 Overview
    2. 6.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 6.3 Feature Description
      1. 6.3.1 Input Source Requirements
        1. 6.3.1.1 Supported Resolution and Frame Rates
        2. 6.3.1.2 3D Display
        3. 6.3.1.3 Parallel Interface
          1. 6.3.1.3.1 PDATA Bus - Parallel Interface Bit Mapping Modes
        4. 6.3.1.4 DSI Interface
      2. 6.3.2 Device Startup
      3. 6.3.3 SPI Flash
        1. 6.3.3.1 SPI Flash Interface
        2. 6.3.3.2 SPI Flash Programming
      4. 6.3.4 I2C Interface
      5. 6.3.5 Content Adaptive Illumination Control (CAIC)
      6. 6.3.6 3D Glasses Operation
        1. 6.3.6.1 43
      7. 6.3.7 Test Point Support
      8. 6.3.8 DMD Interface
        1. 6.3.8.1 Sub-LVDS (HS) Interface
    4. 6.4 Device Functional Modes
    5. 6.5 Programming
    6. 6.6 Features and System Configuration
  8. 7 Application and Implementation
    1. 7.1 Application Information
    2. 7.2 Typical Application
      1. 7.2.1 Typical Application—nHD Mode
      2. 7.2.2 Typical Application—HD Mode
      3. 7.2.3 Design Requirements
      4. 7.2.4 Detailed Design Procedure
      5. 7.2.5 Application Curve
  9. 8 Power Supply Recommendations
    1. 8.1 PLL Design Considerations
    2. 8.2 System Power-Up and Power-Down Sequence
    3. 8.3 Power-Up Initialization Sequence
    4. 8.4 DMD Fast Park Control (PARKZ)
    5. 8.5 Hot Plug I/O Usage
  10. 9 Layout
    1. 9.1 Layout Guidelines
      1. 9.1.1  PLL Power Layout
      2. 9.1.2  Reference Clock Layout
        1. 9.1.2.1 Recommended Crystal Oscillator Configuration
      3. 9.1.3  DSI Interface Layout
      4. 9.1.4  Unused Pins
      5. 9.1.5  DMD Control and SubLVDS Signals
      6. 9.1.6  Layer Changes
      7. 9.1.7  Stubs
      8. 9.1.8  Terminations
      9. 9.1.9  Routing Vias
      10. 9.1.10 Thermal Considerations
    2. 9.2 Layout Example
  11. 10Device and Documentation Support
    1. 10.1 Device Support
      1. 10.1.1 Third-Party Products Disclaimer
      2. 10.1.2 Device Nomenclature
        1. 10.1.2.1 Device Markings
      3. 10.1.3 Video Timing Parameter Definitions
    2. 10.2 Related Documentation
    3. 10.3 Related Links
    4. 10.4 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates
    5. 10.5 Support Resources
    6. 10.6 Trademarks
    7. 10.7 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    8. 10.8 Glossary
  12. 11Revision History
  13. 12Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information
  14. 13Package Option Addendum
    1. 13.1 Packaging Information

Package Options

Mechanical Data (Package|Pins)
Thermal pad, mechanical data (Package|Pins)

6.3.5 Content Adaptive Illumination Control (CAIC)

Content Adaptive Illumination control (CAIC) is part of the IntelliBright® suite of advanced image processing algorithms that adaptively enhances brightness and reduces power. In common real-world image content most pixels in the images are well below full scale for the R (red), G (green), and B (blue) digital channels input to the DLPC34xx. As a result of this, the average picture level (APL) for the overall image is also well below full scale, and the dynamic range for the collective set of pixel values is not fully used. CAIC takes advantage of the headroom between the source image APL and the top of the available dynamic range of the display system.

CAIC evaluates images on a frame-by-frame basis and derives three unique digital gains, one for each of the R, G, and B color channel. During image processing, CAIC applies each gain to all pixels in the associated color channel. The calculated gain is applied to all pixels in that channel so that the pixels as a group collectively shift upward and as close to full scale as possible. To prevent any image quality degradation, the gains are set at the point where just a few pixels in each color channel are clipped. The Source Pixels for a Color Channel and Pixels for a Color Channel After CAIC Processing figures below show an example of the application of CAIC for one color channel.

Table 6-8
DLPC3421 Source Pixels for a Color Channel
(1) APL = 110
Figure 6-8 Source Pixels for a Color Channel
DLPC3421 Pixels for a Color Channel After CAIC Processing
(1) APL = 166
(2) Channel gain = 166/110 = 1.51
Figure 6-9 Pixels for a Color Channel After CAIC Processing

Above, Figure 6-9 shows the gain that is applied to a color processing channel inside the DLPC34xx. Additionally, CAIC adjusts the power for the R, G, and B LED by commanding different LED currents. For each color channel of an individual frame, CAIC intelligently determines the optimal combination of digital gain and LED power. The user configurable CAIC settings heavily influence the amount of digital gain that is applied to a color channel and the LED power for that color.

DLPC3421 CAIC Power Reduction Mode (for Constant Brightness)
(1) With CAIC enabled, if red and blue LEDs require less than nominal power for a given input image, the red and blue LED power will reduce.
Figure 6-11 CAIC Power Reduction Mode (for Constant Brightness)

As CAIC applies a digital gain to each color channel and adjusts the power to each LED, CAIC ensures the resulting color balance in the final image matches the target color balance for the projector system. Thus, the effective displayed white point of images is held constant by CAIC from frame to frame.

CAIC can be used to increase the overall image brightness while holding the total power for all LEDs constant, or CAIC can be used to hold the overall image brightness constant while decreasing LED power. In summary, CAIC has two primary modes of operation:

  • Power reduction mode holds overall image brightness constant while reducing LED power
  • Enhanced brightness mode holds overall LED power constant while enhancing image brightness

In power reduction mode, since the R, G, and B channels can be gained up by CAIC inside the DLPC34xx, the LED power can be reduced for any color channel until the brightness of the color on the screen is unchanged. Thus, CAIC can achieve an overall LED power reduction while maintaining the same overall image brightness as if CAIC was not used. Figure 6-11 shows an example of LED power reduction by CAIC for an image where the red and blue LEDs can consume less power.

In enhanced brightness mode the R, G, and B channels can be gained up by CAIC with LED power generally being held constant. This results in an enhanced brightness with no power savings.

While there are two primary modes of operation described, the DLPC34xx actually operates within the extremes of pure power reduction mode and enhanced brightness mode. The user can configure which operating mode the DLPC34xx will more closely follow by adjusting the CAIC gain setting as described in the software programmer's guide.

In addition to the above functionality, CAIC also can be used as a tool with which FOFO (full-on full-off) contrast on a projection system can be improved. While operating in power reduction mode, the DLPC34xx reduces LED power as the intensity of the image content for each color channel decreases. This process will result in the LEDs operating at nominal settings with full-on content (a white screen) and reducing power output until the dimmest possible content (a black screen) is reached. In this latter case, the LEDs will be operating at minimum power output capacity and thus producing the minimum possible amount of off-state light. This optimization provided by CAIC will thereby improve FOFO contrast ratio. The given contrast ratio will further increase as nominal LED current (full-on state) is increased.