SLOSE47A November   2020  – May 2022 DRV8434

PRODUCTION DATA  

  1. 1 Features
  2. 2 Applications
  3. 3 Description
  4. 4 Revision History
  5. 5 Pin Configuration and Functions
    1. 5.1 Pin Functions
  6. 6 Specifications
    1. 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 6.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 6.4 Thermal Information
    5. 6.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 6.6 Indexer Timing Requirements
      1. 6.6.1 Typical Characteristics
  7. 7 Detailed Description
    1. 7.1 Overview
    2. 7.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 7.3 Feature Description
      1. 7.3.1  Stepper Motor Driver Current Ratings
        1. 7.3.1.1 Peak Current Rating
        2. 7.3.1.2 RMS Current Rating
        3. 7.3.1.3 Full-Scale Current Rating
      2. 7.3.2  PWM Motor Drivers
      3. 7.3.3  Microstepping Indexer
      4. 7.3.4  Controlling VREF with an MCU DAC
      5. 7.3.5  Current Regulation
      6. 7.3.6  Decay Modes
        1. 7.3.6.1 Slow Decay for Increasing and Decreasing Current
        2. 7.3.6.2 Slow Decay for Increasing Current, Mixed Decay for Decreasing Current
        3. 7.3.6.3 Mixed Decay for Increasing and Decreasing Current
        4. 7.3.6.4 Smart tune Dynamic Decay
        5. 7.3.6.5 Smart tune Ripple Control
        6. 7.3.6.6 PWM OFF Time
        7. 7.3.6.7 Blanking time
      7. 7.3.7  Charge Pump
      8. 7.3.8  Linear Voltage Regulators
      9. 7.3.9  Logic Level, Tri-Level and Quad-Level Pin Diagrams
        1. 7.3.9.1 nFAULT Pin
      10. 7.3.10 Protection Circuits
        1. 7.3.10.1 VM Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)
        2. 7.3.10.2 VCP Undervoltage Lockout (CPUV)
        3. 7.3.10.3 Overcurrent Protection (OCP)
          1. 7.3.10.3.1 Latched Shutdown
          2. 7.3.10.3.2 Automatic Retry
        4. 7.3.10.4 Open-Load Detection (OL)
        5. 7.3.10.5 Thermal Shutdown (OTSD)
          1. 7.3.10.5.1 Latched Shutdown
          2. 7.3.10.5.2 Automatic Retry
        6.       Fault Condition Summary
    4. 7.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 7.4.1 Sleep Mode (nSLEEP = 0)
      2.      52
      3. 7.4.2 Disable Mode (nSLEEP = 1, ENABLE = 0)
      4. 7.4.3 Operating Mode (nSLEEP = 1, ENABLE = Hi-Z/1)
      5. 7.4.4 nSLEEP Reset Pulse
      6.      Functional Modes Summary
  8. 8 Application and Implementation
    1. 8.1 Application Information
    2. 8.2 Typical Application
      1. 8.2.1 Design Requirements
      2. 8.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        1. 8.2.2.1 Stepper Motor Speed
        2. 8.2.2.2 Current Regulation
        3. 8.2.2.3 Decay Mode
        4. 8.2.2.4 Application Curves
        5. 8.2.2.5 Thermal Application
          1. 8.2.2.5.1 Power Dissipation
          2. 8.2.2.5.2 Conduction Loss
          3. 8.2.2.5.3 Switching Loss
          4. 8.2.2.5.4 Power Dissipation Due to Quiescent Current
          5. 8.2.2.5.5 Total Power Dissipation
          6. 8.2.2.5.6 Device Junction Temperature Estimation
  9. 9 Power Supply Recommendations
    1. 9.1 Bulk Capacitance
  10. 10Layout
    1. 10.1 Layout Guidelines
    2. 10.2 Layout Example
  11. 11Device and Documentation Support
    1. 11.1 Related Documentation
    2. 11.2 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates
    3. 11.3 Support Resources
    4. 11.4 Trademarks
    5. 11.5 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    6. 11.6 Glossary
  12. 12Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

Package Options

Mechanical Data (Package|Pins)
Thermal pad, mechanical data (Package|Pins)
Orderable Information

7.3.6.4 Smart tune Dynamic Decay

The smart tune current regulation schemes are advanced current-regulation control methods compared to traditional fixed off-time current regulation schemes. Smart tune current regulation schemes help the stepper motor driver adjust the decay scheme based on operating factors such as the ones listed as follows:

  • Motor winding resistance and inductance
  • Motor aging effects
  • Motor dynamic speed and load
  • Motor supply voltage variation
  • Motor back-EMF difference on rising and falling steps
  • Step transitions
  • Low-current versus high-current dI/dt

The device provides two different smart tune current regulation modes, named smart tune Dynamic Decay and smart tune Ripple Control.

GUID-DE165502-AC5E-4A48-BC85-C908A877224A-low.gif Figure 7-11 Smart tune Dynamic Decay Mode

Smart tune Dynamic Decay greatly simplifies the decay mode selection by automatically configuring the decay mode between slow, mixed, and fast decay. In mixed decay, smart tune dynamically adjusts the fast decay percentage of the total mixed decay time. This feature eliminates motor tuning by automatically determining the best decay setting that results in the lowest ripple for the motor.

The decay mode setting is optimized iteratively each PWM cycle. If the motor current overshoots the target trip level, then the decay mode becomes more aggressive (add fast decay percentage) on the next cycle to prevent regulation loss. If a long drive time must occur to reach the target trip level, the decay mode becomes less aggressive (remove fast decay percentage) on the next cycle to operate with less ripple and more efficiently. On falling steps, smart tune Dynamic Decay automatically switches to fast decay to reach the next step quickly.

Smart tune Dynamic Decay is optimal for applications that require minimal current ripple but want to maintain a fixed frequency in the current regulation scheme.