SLVSAX9E September   2011  – January 2016 DRV8818

PRODUCTION DATA.  

  1. 1 Features
  2. 2 Applications
  3. 3 Description
  4. 4 Revision History
  5. 5 Pin Configuration and Functions
  6. 6 Specifications
    1. 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 6.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 6.4 Thermal Information
    5. 6.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 6.6 Timing Requirements
    7. 6.7 Motor Driver Timing Switching Characteristics
    8. 6.8 Typical Characteristics
  7. 7 Detailed Description
    1. 7.1 Overview
    2. 7.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 7.3 Feature Description
      1. 7.3.1 PWM H-Bridge Drivers
      2. 7.3.2 Current Regulation
      3. 7.3.3 Decay Mode
      4. 7.3.4 Microstepping Indexer
      5. 7.3.5 Protection Circuits
        1. 7.3.5.1 Overcurrent Protection (OCP)
        2. 7.3.5.2 Thermal Shutdown (TSD)
        3. 7.3.5.3 Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)
    4. 7.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 7.4.1 RESETn, ENABLEn, and SLEEPn Operation
      2. 7.4.2 Decay Modes
  8. 8 Application and Implementation
    1. 8.1 Application Information
    2. 8.2 Typical Application
      1. 8.2.1 Design Requirements
      2. 8.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        1. 8.2.2.1 Stepper Motor Speed
        2. 8.2.2.2 Current Regulation
      3. 8.2.3 Application Curves
  9. 9 Power Supply Recommendations
    1. 9.1 Bulk Capacitance
  10. 10Layout
    1. 10.1 Layout Guidelines
      1. 10.1.1 Heatsinking
    2. 10.2 Layout Example
    3. 10.3 Thermal Considerations
      1. 10.3.1 Power Dissipation
  11. 11Device and Documentation Support
    1. 11.1 Documentation Support
      1. 11.1.1 Related Documentation
    2. 11.2 Community Resources
    3. 11.3 Trademarks
    4. 11.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    5. 11.5 Glossary
  12. 12Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

Package Options

Mechanical Data (Package|Pins)
Thermal pad, mechanical data (Package|Pins)
Orderable Information

10 Layout

10.1 Layout Guidelines

The VMA and VMB pins should be bypassed to GND using low-ESR ceramic bypass capacitors with a recommended value of 0.1μF rated for VM. This capacitor should be placed as close to the VMA and VMB pins as possible with a thick trace or ground plane connection to the device GND pin.

The VMA and VMB pins must be bypassed to ground using an appropriate bulk capacitor. This component may be an electrolytic and should be located close to the DRV8818.

A low-ESR ceramic capacitor must be placed in between the CP1 and CP2 pins. TI recommends a value of
0.22-μF rated for VM. Place this component as close to the pins as possible.

A low-ESR ceramic capacitor must be placed in between the VM and VCP pins. TI recommends a value of
0.22-μF rated for 16 V. Place this component as close to the pins as possible.

Ensure proper connection of the DRV8818 PowerPAD to the PCB. The PowerPAD should be connected to a copper plane that is connected to GND. The copper plane should have a large area to allow for thermal dissipation from the DRV8818.

10.1.1 Heatsinking

The PowerPAD™ package uses an exposed pad to remove heat from the device. For proper operation, this pad must be thermally connected to copper on the PCB to dissipate heat. On a multi-layer PCB with a ground plane, this can be accomplished by adding a number of vias to connect the thermal pad to the ground plane. On PCBs without internal planes, copper area can be added on either side of the PCB to dissipate heat. If the copper area is on the opposite side of the PCB from the device, thermal vias are used to transfer the heat between top and bottom layers.

For details about how to design the PCB, refer to TI Application Report SLMA002, PowerPAD™ Thermally Enhanced Package and TI Application Brief SLMA004, PowerPAD™ Made Easy, available at www.ti.com.

In general, the more copper area that can be provided, the more power can be dissipated.

10.2 Layout Example

DRV8818 layout_guide_slvsax9.gif Figure 14. Layout Example Schematic

10.3 Thermal Considerations

The DRV8818 has thermal shutdown (TSD) as described previously. If the die temperature exceeds approximately 150°C, the device will be disabled until the temperature drops to a safe level.

Any tendency of the device to enter thermal shutdown is an indication of either excessive power dissipation, insufficient heatsinking, or too high an ambient temperature.

10.3.1 Power Dissipation

Power dissipation in the DRV8818 is dominated by the power dissipated in the output FET resistance, or RDS(ON). Average power dissipation when running a stepper motor can be roughly estimated by:

Equation 8. DRV8818 eq5_lvs865.gif

where

  • PTOT is the total power dissipation.
  • RDS(ON) is the resistance of each FET.
  • IOUT(RMS) is the RMS output current being applied to each winding.

IOUT(RMS) is equal to the approximately 0.7x the full-scale output current setting. The factor of 4 comes from the fact that there are two motor windings, and at any instant two FETs are conducting winding current for each winding (one high-side and one low-side).

The maximum amount of power that can be dissipated in the DRV8818 is dependent on ambient temperature and heatsinking. The thermal dissipation ratings table in the datasheet can be used to estimate the temperature rise for typical PCB constructions.

Note that RDS(ON) increases with temperature, so as the device heats, the power dissipation increases. This must be taken into consideration when sizing the heatsink.