SNVSAA3B July   2015  – November 2017 LM46001-Q1

PRODUCTION DATA.  

  1. Features
  2. Applications
  3. Description
  4. Revision History
  5. Pin Configuration and Functions
  6. Specifications
    1. 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 6.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 6.4 Thermal Information
    5. 6.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 6.6 Timing Requirements
    7. 6.7 Switching Characteristics
    8. 6.8 Typical Characteristics
  7. Detailed Description
    1. 7.1 Overview
    2. 7.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 7.3 Feature Description
      1. 7.3.1  Fixed Frequency Peak Current Mode Controlled Step-Down Regulator
      2. 7.3.2  Light Load Operation
      3. 7.3.3  Adjustable Output Voltage
      4. 7.3.4  Enable (ENABLE)
      5. 7.3.5  VCC, UVLO and BIAS
      6. 7.3.6  Soft Start and Voltage Tracking (SS/TRK)
      7. 7.3.7  Switching Frequency (RT) and Synchronization (SYNC)
      8. 7.3.8  Minimum ON-Time, Minimum OFF-Time and Frequency Foldback at Dropout Conditions
      9. 7.3.9  Internal Compensation and CFF
      10. 7.3.10 Bootstrap Voltage (BOOT)
      11. 7.3.11 Power Good (PGOOD)
      12. 7.3.12 Overcurrent and Short Circuit Protection
      13. 7.3.13 Thermal Shutdown
    4. 7.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 7.4.1 Shutdown Mode
      2. 7.4.2 Standby Mode
      3. 7.4.3 Active Mode
      4. 7.4.4 CCM Mode
      5. 7.4.5 Light Load Operation
      6. 7.4.6 Self-Bias Mode
  8. Applications and Implementation
    1. 8.1 Application Information
    2. 8.2 Typical Applications
      1. 8.2.1 Design Requirements
      2. 8.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        1. 8.2.2.1  Custom Design With WEBENCH® Tools
        2. 8.2.2.2  Output Voltage Setpoint
        3. 8.2.2.3  Switching Frequency
        4. 8.2.2.4  Input Capacitors
        5. 8.2.2.5  Inductor Selection
        6. 8.2.2.6  Output Capacitor Selection
        7. 8.2.2.7  Feed-Forward Capacitor
        8. 8.2.2.8  Bootstrap Capacitors
        9. 8.2.2.9  VCC Capacitor
        10. 8.2.2.10 BIAS Capacitors
        11. 8.2.2.11 Soft-Start Capacitors
        12. 8.2.2.12 Undervoltage Lockout Set-Point
        13. 8.2.2.13 PGOOD
      3. 8.2.3 Application Performance Curves
  9. Power Supply Recommendations
  10. 10Layout
    1. 10.1 Layout Guidelines
      1. 10.1.1 Compact Layout for EMI Reduction
      2. 10.1.2 Ground Plane and Thermal Considerations
      3. 10.1.3 Feedback Resistors
    2. 10.2 Layout Example
  11. 11Device and Documentation Support
    1. 11.1 Device Support
      1. 11.1.1 Development Support
        1. 11.1.1.1 Custom Design With WEBENCH® Tools
    2. 11.2 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates
    3. 11.3 Community Resources
    4. 11.4 Trademarks
    5. 11.5 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    6. 11.6 Glossary
  12. 12Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

Package Options

Mechanical Data (Package|Pins)
Thermal pad, mechanical data (Package|Pins)
Orderable Information

Applications and Implementation

NOTE

Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality.

Application Information

The LM46001-Q1 is a step down DC-to-DC regulator. It is typically used to convert a higher DC voltage to a lower DC voltage with a maximum output current of 1 A. The following design procedure can be used to select components for the LM46001-Q1. Alternately, the WEBENCH® software may be used to generate complete designs. When generating a design, the WEBENCH® software utilizes iterative design procedure and accesses comprehensive databases of components. See www.ti.com and Detailed Design Procedure for more details.

This section presents a simplified discussion of the design process.

Typical Applications

The LM46001-Q1 only requires a few external components to convert from a wide range of supply voltage to output voltage. Figure 44 shows a basic schematic when BIAS is connected to VOUT . This is recommended for VOUT ≥ 3.3 V. For VOUT < 3.3 V, BIAS must be connected to ground, as shown in Figure 45.

LM46001-Q1 Sch_basic01_snvsaa3.gif Figure 44. LM46001-Q1 Basic Schematic for
VOUT ≥ 3.3 V, tie BIAS to VOUT
LM46001-Q1 Sch_basic02_snvsaa3.gif Figure 45. LM46001-Q1 Basic Schematic for
VOUT < 3.3 V, tie BIAS to Ground

The LM46001-Q1 also integrates a full list of optional features to aid system design requirements, such as precision enable, VCC UVLO, programmable soft-start, output voltage tracking, programmable switching frequency, clock synchronization and power-good indication. Each application can select the features for a more comprehensive design. A schematic with all features utilized is shown in Figure 46.

LM46001-Q1 Sch_full_feature_snvsaa3.gif
Figure 46. LM46001-Q1 Schematic with All Features

The external components have to fulfill the needs of the application, but also the stability criteria of the device's control loop. The LM46001-Q1 is optimized to work within a range of external components. The LC output filter's inductance and capacitance have to be considered in conjunction, creating a double pole, responsible for the corner frequency of the converter. Table 2 can be used to simplify the output filter component selection.

Table 2. L, COUT and CFF Typical Values

FS (kHz) L (µH)(1) COUT (µF) (2) CFF (pF) (3)(4) RT (kΩ) RFBB (kΩ) (3)(4)
VOUT = 1 V
200 18 500 none 200 100
500 6.8 330 none 80.6 or open 100
1000 3.3 180 none 39.2 100
2200 1.5 100 none 17.8 100
VOUT = 3.3 V
200 47 220 44 200 442
500 18 100 33 80.6 or open 442
1000 10 47 18 39.2 442
2200 4.7 27 12 17.8 442
VOUT = 5 V
200 56 150 66 200 249
500 27 66 33 80.6 or open 249
1000 15 33 22 39.2 249
2200 6.8 22 18 17.8 249
VOUT = 12 V
200 100 33 see note (5) 200 93.1
500 47 22 47 80.6 or open 93.1
1000 22 15 33 39.2 93.1
VOUT = 24 V
200 180 22 see note (5) 200 44.2
500 82 15 see note (5) 80.6 or open 44.2
1000 47 10 see note (5) 39.2 44.2
Inductor values are calculated based on typical VIN = 24 V. For VOUT = 24 V, VIN = 48 V.
All the COUT values are after derating. Add more when using ceramics
RFBT = 0 Ω for VOUT = 1 V. RFBT = 1 MΩ for all other VOUT settings.
For designs with RFBT other than 1 MΩ, adjust CFF such that (CFF × RFBT) is unchanged and adjust RFBB such that (RFBT / RFBB) is unchanged.
High ESR COUT gives enough phase boost and CFF might not be needed.

Design Requirements

A detailed design procedure is described based on a design example. For this design example, use the parameters listed in Table 3 as the input parameters.

Table 3. Design Example Parameters

DESIGN PARAMETER VALUE
Input voltage VIN 24 V typical, range from 3.8 V to 60 V
Output voltage VOUT 3.3 V
Input ripple voltage 400 mV
Output ripple voltage 30 mV
Output current rating 1 A
Operating frequency 500 kHz
Soft-start time 10 ms

Detailed Design Procedure

Custom Design With WEBENCH® Tools

Click here to create a custom design using the LM46001-Q1 device with the WEBENCH® Power Designer.

  1. Start by entering the input voltage (VIN), output voltage (VOUT), and output current (IOUT) requirements.
  2. Optimize the design for key parameters such as efficiency, footprint, and cost using the optimizer dial.
  3. Compare the generated design with other possible solutions from Texas Instruments.

The WEBENCH Power Designer provides a customized schematic along with a list of materials with real-time pricing and component availability.

In most cases, these actions are available:

  • Run electrical simulations to see important waveforms and circuit performance
  • Run thermal simulations to understand board thermal performance
  • Export customized schematic and layout into popular CAD formats
  • Print PDF reports for the design, and share the design with colleagues

Get more information about WEBENCH tools at www.ti.com/WEBENCH.

Output Voltage Setpoint

The output voltage of the LM46001-Q1 device is externally adjustable using a resistor divider network. The divider network is comprised of top feedback resistor RFBT and bottom feedback resistor RFBB. Equation 11 is used to determine the output voltage of the converter:

Equation 11. LM46001-Q1 eq01_snvsa13.gif

Choose the value of the RFBT to be 1 MΩ to minimize quiescent current to improve light load efficiency in this application. With the desired output voltage set to be 3.3 V and the VFB = 1.016 V, the RFBB value can then be calculated using Equation 11. The formula yields a value of 444.83 kΩ. Choose the closest available value of 442 kΩ for the RFBB. See Adjustable Output Voltage for more details.

Switching Frequency

The default switching frequency of the LM46001-Q1 device is set at 500 kHz when RT pin is open circuit. The switching frequency is selected to be 500 kHz in this application for one less passive components. If other frequency is desired, use Equation 12 to calculate the required value for RT.

Equation 12. RT(kΩ) = 40200 / Freq (kHz) – 0.6

For 500 kHz, the calculated RT is 79.8 kΩ, and standard value 80.6 kΩ can also be used to set the switching frequency at 500 kHz.

Input Capacitors

The LM46001-Q1 device requires high frequency input decoupling capacitor(s) and a bulk input capacitor, depending on the application. The typical recommended value for the high frequency decoupling capacitor is 4.7 µF to 10 µF. A high-quality ceramic type X5R or X7R with sufficient voltage rating is recommended. The voltage rating must be greater than the maximum input voltage. To compensate the derating of ceramic capacitor, TI recommends a voltage rating of twice the maximum input voltage. Additionally, some bulk capacitance may be required, especially if the LM46001-Q1 circuit is not located within approximately 5 cm from the input voltage source. The bulk input capacitor is used to provide damping to the voltage spiking due to the lead inductance of the cable or trace. The value for this capacitor is not critical but must be rated to handle the maximum input voltage including ripple.

For this design, a 10 µF, X7R dielectric capacitor rated for 100 V is used for the input decoupling capacitor. The equivalent series resistance (ESR) is approximately 3 mΩ, and the current-rating is 3 A. Include a capacitor with a value of 0.1 µF for high-frequency filtering and place it as close as possible to the device pins.

NOTE

DC Bias effect: High capacitance ceramic capacitors have a DC bias effect, which will have a strong influence on the final effective capacitance. Therefore the right capacitor value has to be chosen carefully. Package size and voltage rating in combination with dielectric material are responsible for differences between the rated capacitor value and the effective capacitance.

Inductor Selection

The first criterion for selecting an output inductor is the inductance itself. In most buck converters, this value is based on the desired peak-to-peak ripple current, ΔiL, that flows in the inductor along with the DC load current. As with switching frequency, the selection of the inductor is a tradeoff between size and cost. Higher inductance gives lower ripple current and hence lower output voltage ripple with the same output capacitors. Lower inductance could result in smaller, less expensive component. An inductance that gives a ripple current of 20% to 40% of the 1 A at the typical supply voltage is a good starting point. ΔiL = (1/5 to 2/5) × IOUT. The peak-to-peak inductor current ripple can be found by Equation 13 and the range of inductance can be found by Equation 14 with the typical input voltage used as VIN.

Equation 13. LM46001-Q1 eq03_snvsa13.gif
Equation 14. LM46001-Q1 eq03_snvsa13_L.gif

D is the duty cycle of the converter, which in a buck converter it can be approximated as D = VOUT / VIN, assuming no loss power conversion. By calculating in terms of amperes, volts, and megahertz, the inductance value will come out in micro Henries. The inductor ripple current ratio is defined by:

Equation 15. LM46001-Q1 eq04_snvsa13.gif

The second criterion is the inductor saturation current rating. The inductor must be rated to handle the maximum load current plus the ripple current:

Equation 16. IL-PEAK = ILOAD-MAX + Δ iL

The LM46001-Q1 has both valley current limit and peak current limit. During an instantaneous short, the peak inductor current can be high due to a momentary increase in duty cycle. The inductor current rating should be higher than the HS current limit. It is advised to select an inductor with a larger core saturation margin and preferably a softer roll off of the inductance value over load current.

In general, choosing lower inductance is prefereable in switching power supplies, because it usually corresponds to faster transient response, smaller DCR, and reduced size for more compact designs. But an inductance that is too low can generate too large of an inductor current ripple such that overcurrent protection at the full load could be falsely triggered. It also generates more conduction loss, since the RMS current is slightly higher relative that with lower current ripple at the same DC current. Larger inductor current ripple also implies larger output voltage ripple with the same output capacitors. With peak current mode control, it is not recommended to have too small of an inductor current ripple. Enough inductor current ripple improves signal-to-noise ratio on the current comparator and makes the control loop more immune to noise.

Once the inductance is determined, the type of inductor must be selected. Ferrite designs have very low core losses and are preferred at high switching frequencies, so design goals can concentrate on copper loss and preventing saturation. Ferrite core material saturates hard, which means that inductance collapses abruptly when the peak design current is exceeded. The ‘hard’ saturation results in an abrupt increase in inductor ripple current and consequent output voltage ripple. Do not allow the core to saturate!

For the design example, a standard 18-μH inductor from Würth, Coiltronics, or Vishay can be used for the 3.3-V output with plenty of current rating margin.

Output Capacitor Selection

The device is designed to be used with a wide variety of LC filters. It is generally desired to use as little output capacitance as possible to keep cost and size down. The output capacitor (s), COUT, must be chosen with care since it directly affects the steady-state output voltage ripple, loop stability and the voltage over/undershoot during load current transients.

The output voltage ripple is essentially composed of two parts. One is caused by the inductor current ripple going through the equivalent series resistance (ESR) of the output capacitors:

Equation 17. ΔVOUT-ESR = ΔiL× ESR

The other is caused by the inductor current ripple charging and discharging the output capacitors:

Equation 18. ΔVOUT-C = ΔiL / ( 8 × FS × COUT )

The two components in the voltage ripple are not in phase, so the actual peak-to-peak ripple is smaller than the sum of the two peaks.

Output capacitance is usually limited by transient performance specifications if the system requires tight voltage regulation in the presence of large current steps and fast slew rates. When a fast large load transient happens, output capacitors provide the required charge before the inductor current can slew to the appropriate level. The initial output voltage step is equal to the load current step multiplied by the ESR. VOUT continues to droop until the control loop response increases or decreases the inductor current to supply the load. To maintain a small over-shoot or under-shoot during a transient, small ESR and large capacitance are desired. But these also come with higher cost and size. Thus, the motivation is to seek a fast control loop response to reduce the output voltage deviation.

For a given input and output requirement, Equation 19 gives an approximation for an absolute minimum output capacitor required:

Equation 19. LM46001-Q1 eq_Cout.gif

Along with this for the same requirement, calculate the maximum ESR per Equation 20

Equation 20. LM46001-Q1 eq_ESR.gif

where

  • r = ripple ratio of the inductor ripple current (ΔIL / IOUT)
  • ΔVOUT = target output voltage undershoot
  • D’ = 1 – duty cycle
  • FS = switching frequency
  • IOUT = load current

A general guideline for COUT range is that COUT must be larger than the minimum required output capacitance calculated by Equation 19, and smaller than 10 times the minimum required output capacitance or 1 mF. In applications with VOUT less than 3.3 V, it is critical that low ESR output capacitors are selected. This limits potential output voltage overshoots as the input voltage falls below the device normal operating range. To optimize the transient behavior a feed-forward capacitor could be added in parallel with the upper feedback resistor. For this design example, two 47-µF,10-V, X7R ceramic capacitors are used in parallel.

Feed-Forward Capacitor

The LM46001-Q1 is internally compensated and the internal R-C values are 400 kΩ and 50 pF respectively. Depending on the VOUT and frequency FS, if the output capacitor COUT is dominated by low ESR (ceramic types) capacitors, it could result in low phase margin. To improve the phase boost an external feedforward capacitor CFF can be added in parallel with RFBT. CFF is chosen such that phase margin is boosted at the crossover frequency that occurs with CFF removed. A simple estimation for the crossover frequency without CFF (fx) is shown in Equation 21, assuming COUT has very small ESR.

Equation 21. LM46001-Q1 fxequation.gif

Equation 22 for CFF was tested:

Equation 22. LM46001-Q1 eq_CFF.gif

Equation 22 indicates that the crossover frequency is geometrically centered on the zero and pole frequencies caused by the CFF capacitor.

For designs with higher ESR, CFF is not neeed when COUT has very high ESR and CFF calculated from Equation 22 must be reduced with medium ESR. Table 2 can be used as a quick starting point.

For the application in this design example, a 33-pF COG capacitor is selected.

Bootstrap Capacitors

Every LM46001-Q1 design requires a bootstrap capacitor, CBOOT. The recommended bootstrap capacitor is 0.47 μF and rated at 6.3 V or higher. The bootstrap capacitor is located between the SW pin and the CBOOT pin. The bootstrap capacitor must be a high-quality ceramic type with X7R or X5R grade dielectric for temperature stability.

VCC Capacitor

The VCC pin is the output of an internal LDO for LM46001-Q1. The input for this LDO comes from either VIN or BIAS (see Functional Block Diagram for LM46001-Q1). To insure stability of the part, place a minimum of 2.2-µF, 10-V capacitor from this pin to ground.

BIAS Capacitors

For an output voltage of 3.3 V and greater, the BIAS pin can be connected to the output in order to increase light load efficiency. This pin is an input for the VCC LDO. When BIAS is not connected, the input for the VCC LDO is internally connected into VIN. Because this is an LDO, the voltage differences between the input and output affects the efficiency of the LDO. If necessary, a capacitor with a value of 1 μF can be added close to the BIAS pin as an input capacitor for the LDO.

Soft-Start Capacitors

The user can leave the SS/TRK pin floating and the LM46001-Q1 implements a soft-start time of 4.1 ms typically. In order to use an external soft-start capacitor, the capacitor must be sized such that the soft-start time is longer than 4.1 ms. Use Equation 23 to calculate the soft-start capacitor value:

Equation 23. LM46001-Q1 eq02_snvsa13.gif

where

  • CSS = soft-start capacitor value (µF)
  • ISS = soft-start charging current (µA)
  • tSS = desired soft-start time (s)

For the desired soft-start time of 10 ms and soft-start charging current of 2.2 µA, Equation 23 yields a soft-start capacitor value of 0.022 µF.

Undervoltage Lockout Set-Point

The undervoltage lockout (UVLO) is adjusted using the external voltage divider network of RENT and RENB. RENT is connected between VIN and the EN pin of the LM46001-Q1 device. RENB is connected between the EN pin and the GND pin. The UVLO has two thresholds, one for power up when the input voltage is rising and one for power down or brownouts when the input voltage is falling. Equation 24 can be used to determine the rising VIN (UVLO) level:

Equation 24. VIN-UVLO-RISING = VENH × (RENB + RENT) / RENB

The EN rising threshold for LM46001-Q1 is set to be 2.1 V. Choose the value of RENB to be 1 MΩ to minimize input current going into the converter. If the desired VIN (UVLO) level is at 5 V, then the value of RENT can be calculated using Equation 25:

Equation 25. RENT = (VIN-UVLO-RISING / VENH – 1) × RENB

Equation 25 yields a value of 1.37 MΩ. The resulting falling UVLO threshold can be calculated as follows:

Equation 26. VIN-UVLO-FALLING = 1.8 × (RENB + RENT) / RENB

PGOOD

A typical pullup resistor value is 10 kΩ to 100 kΩ from the PGOOD pin to a voltage no higher than 12 V. If it is desired to pull up the PGOOD pin to a voltage higher than 12 V, a resistor can be added from the PGOOD pin to ground to divide the voltage seen by the PGOOD pin to a value no higher than 12 V.

Application Performance Curves

See Table 2 for bill of materials for each VOUT and FS combination. Unless otherwise stated, application performance curves were taken at TA = 25°C.
LM46001-Q1 Sch_BOM_3.3V500k_snvsaa3.gif
VOUT = 3.3 V FS = 500 kHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 47. BOM for VOUT = 3.3 V FS = 500 kHz
LM46001-Q1 C012_Reg_46001_3p3V500k.png
VOUT = 3.3 V FS = 500 kHz
Figure 49. Output Voltage Regulation
LM46001-Q1 24VIN_3p3VO_500k_100mATO1A.gif
VOUT = 3.3 V FS = 500 kHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 51. Load Transient Between 0.1 A and 1 A
LM46001-Q1 Sch_BOM_5V500k_snvsaa3.gif
VOUT = 5 V FS = 500 kHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 53. BOM for VOUT = 5 V, FS = 500 kHz
LM46001-Q1 C013_Reg_46001_5V500k.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 500 kHz
Figure 55. Output Voltage Regulation
LM46001-Q1 24VIN_5VO_500k_100mATO1A.gif
VOUT = 5 V FS = 500 kHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 57. Load Transient Between 0.1 A and 1 A
LM46001-Q1 Sch_BOM_5V200k_snvsaa3.gif
VOUT = 5 V FS = 200 kHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 59. BOM for VOUT = 5 V, FS = 200 kHz
LM46001-Q1 C014_Reg_46001_5V200k.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 200 kHz
Figure 61. Output Voltage Regulation
LM46001-Q1 24VIN_5VO_200k_100mATO1A.gif
VOUT = 5 V FS = 200 kHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 63. Load Transient Between 0.1 A and 1 A
LM46001-Q1 Sch_BOM_5V1M_snvsaa3.gif
VOUT = 5 V FS = 1 MHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 65. BOM for VOUT = 5 V, FS = 1 MHz
LM46001-Q1 C015_Reg_46001_5V1M.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 1 MHz
Figure 67. Output Voltage Regulation
LM46001-Q1 24VIN_5VO_1M_100mATO1A.gif
VOUT = 5 V FS = 1 MHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 69. Load Transient Between 0.1 A and 1 A
LM46001-Q1 Sch_BOM_12V500k_snvsaa3.gif
VOUT = 12 V FS = 500 kHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 71. BOM for VOUT = 12 V, FS = 500 kHz
LM46001-Q1 C017_Reg_46001_12V500k.png
VOUT = 12 V FS = 500 kHz
Figure 73. Output Voltage Regulation
LM46001-Q1 24VIN_12VO_500k_100mATO1A.gif
VOUT = 12 V FS = 500 kHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 75. Load Transient Between 0.1 A and 1 A
LM46001-Q1 Sch_BOM_24V500k_snvsaa3.gif
VOUT = 24 V FS = 500 kHz VIN = 48 V
Figure 77. BOM for VOUT = 24 V, FS = 500 kHz
LM46001-Q1 C018_Reg_46001_24V500k.png
VOUT = 24 V FS = 500 kHz
Figure 79. Output Voltage Regulation
LM46001-Q1 48VIN_24VO_500k_100mATO1A.gif
VOUT = 24 V FS = 500 kHz VIN = 48 V
Figure 81. Load Transient Between 0.1 A and 1 A
LM46001-Q1 3p3VO_500kThetaJA20CpW.png
VOUT = 3.3 V FS = 500 kHz RθJA = 20°C/W
Figure 83. Derating Curve With RθJA = 20°C/W
LM46001-Q1 5VO_200kThetaJA20CpW.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 200 kHz RθJA = 20°C/W
Figure 85. Derating Curve With RθJA = 20°C/W
LM46001-Q1 46001_3p3V_500kHz_FreqPFM.png
VOUT = 3.3 V FS = 500 kHz
Figure 87. Switching Frequency vs IOUT in PFM Operation
LM46001-Q1 24VIN_3V3_500k_1A_CCM.gif
VOUT = 3.3 V FS = 500 kHz IOUT = 1 A
Figure 89. Switching Waveform in CCM Operation
LM46001-Q1 24VIN_3V3_500k_10mA_PFM.gif
VOUT = 3.3 V FS = 500 kHz IOUT = 10 mA
Figure 91. Switching Waveform in PFM Operation
LM46001-Q1 24VIN_3p3VO_500k_500mA.gif
VIN = 24 V VOUT = 3.3 V RLOAD = 6.6 Ω
Figure 93. Start-up Into Half Load With Internal Soft-Start Rate
LM46001-Q1 24VIN_3p3VO_500k_PREBIAS_1V.gif
VIN = 24 V VOUT = 3.3 V RLOAD = Open
Figure 95. Start-up Into 1-V Pre-biased Voltage
LM46001-Q1 12TO48V_3V3_500k_1A_1V1us.gif
VOUT = 3.3 V FS = 500 kHz IOUT = 1 A
Figure 97. Line Transient: VIN Transitions Between 12 V and 48 V
LM46001-Q1 24VIN_3p3VO_500k_SHORT_RECOVERY.gif
VOUT = 3.3 V FS = 500 kHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 99. Short-Circuit Protection and Recover
LM46001-Q1 C002_Eff_46001_3p3V500k.png
VOUT = 3.3 V FS = 500 kHz
Figure 48. Efficiency
LM46001-Q1 C022_DO_46001_3p3V500k.png
VOUT = 3.3 V FS = 500 kHz
Figure 50. Dropout Curve
LM46001-Q1 24V_3p3VO_500kThetaJA.png
VOUT = 3.3 V FS = 500 kHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 52. Derating Curve
LM46001-Q1 C003_Eff_46001_5V500k.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 500 kHz
Figure 54. Efficiency
LM46001-Q1 C023_DO_46001_5V500k.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 500 kHz
Figure 56. Dropout Curve
LM46001-Q1 24V_5VO_500kThetaJA.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 500 kHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 58. Derating Curve
LM46001-Q1 C004_Eff_46001_5V200k.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 200 kHz
Figure 60. Efficiency
LM46001-Q1 C024_DO_46001_5V200k.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 200 kHz
Figure 62. Dropout Curve
LM46001-Q1 24V_5VO_200kThetaJA.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 200 kHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 64. Derating Curve
LM46001-Q1 C005_Eff_46001_5V1M.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 1 MHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 66. Efficiency
LM46001-Q1 C025_DO_46001_5V1M.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 1 MHz
Figure 68. Dropout Curve
LM46001-Q1 24V_5VO_1000kThetaJA.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 1 MHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 70. Derating Curve
LM46001-Q1 C007_Eff_46001_12V500k.png
VOUT = 12 V FS = 500 kHz
Figure 72. Efficiency
LM46001-Q1 C027_DO_46001_12V500k.png
VOUT = 12 V FS = 500 kHz
Figure 74. Dropout Curve
LM46001-Q1 24V_12VO_500kThetaJA.png
VOUT = 12 V FS = 500 kHz VIN = 24 V
Figure 76. Derating Curve
LM46001-Q1 C008_Eff_46001_24V500k.png
VOUT = 24 V FS = 500 kHz
Figure 78. Efficiency
LM46001-Q1 C028_DO_46001_24V500k.png
VOUT = 24 V FS = 500 kHz
Figure 80. Dropout Curve
LM46001-Q1 48V_24VO_500kThetaJA.png
VOUT = 24 V FS = 500 kHz VIN = 48 V
Figure 82. Derating Curve
LM46001-Q1 5VO_500kThetaJA20CpW.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 500 kHz RθJA = 20°C/W
Figure 84. Derating Curve With RθJA = 20°C/W
LM46001-Q1 5VO_1000kThetaJA20CpW.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 1 MHz RθJA = 20°C/W
Figure 86. Derating Curve With RθJA = 20 °C/W
LM46001-Q1 46001_5V_1MHz_FreqPFM.png
VOUT = 5 V FS = 1 MHz
Figure 88. Switching Frequency vs IOUT in PFM Operation
LM46001-Q1 24VIN_3V3_500k_90mA_DCM.gif
VOUT = 3.3 V FS = 500 kHz IOUT = 90 mA
Figure 90. Switching Waveform in DCM Operation
LM46001-Q1 24VIN_3p3VO_500k_1A.gif
VIN = 24 V VOUT = 3.3 V RLOAD = 3.3 Ω
Figure 92. Start-up Into Full Load With Internal Soft-Start Rate
LM46001-Q1 24VIN_3p3VO_500k_100mA.gif
VIN = 24 V VOUT = 3.3 V RLOAD = 33 Ω
Figure 94. Start-up Into 100 mA With Internal Soft-Start Rate
LM46001-Q1 24VIN_12VO_500k_1A_33nFCss.gif
VIN = 24 V VOUT = 12 V RLOAD = 6 Ω
Figure 96. Start-up With External Capacitor CSS = 33 nF
LM46001-Q1 12TO48V_3V3_500k_500mA_1V1us.gif
VOUT = 3.3 V FS = 500 kHz IOUT = 0.5 A
Figure 98. Line Transient: VIN Transitions Between 12 V and 48 V