SLUSEF4A June   2022  – November 2022 LMR51430

PRODUCTION DATA  

  1. 1 Features
  2. 2 Applications
  3. 3 Description
  4. 4 Revision History
  5. 5 Device Comparison Table
  6. 6 Pin Configuration and Functions
  7. 7 Specifications
    1. 7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 7.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 7.4 Thermal Information
    5. 7.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 7.6 System Characteristics
    7. 7.7 Typical Characteristics
  8. 8 Detailed Description
    1. 8.1 Overview
    2. 8.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 8.3 Feature Description
      1. 8.3.1 Fixed Frequency Peak Current Mode Control
      2. 8.3.2 Adjustable Output Voltage
      3. 8.3.3 Enable
      4. 8.3.4 Minimum On Time, Minimum Off Time, and Frequency Foldback
      5. 8.3.5 Bootstrap Voltage
      6. 8.3.6 Overcurrent and Short-Circuit Protection
      7. 8.3.7 Soft Start
      8. 8.3.8 Thermal Shutdown
    4. 8.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 8.4.1 Shutdown Mode
      2. 8.4.2 Active Mode
      3. 8.4.3 CCM Mode
      4. 8.4.4 Light-Load Operation (PFM Version)
      5. 8.4.5 Light-Load Operation (FPWM Version)
  9. 9 Application and Implementation
    1. 9.1 Application Information
    2. 9.2 Typical Application
      1. 9.2.1 Design Requirements
      2. 9.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        1. 9.2.2.1 Custom Design With WEBENCH® Tools
        2. 9.2.2.2 Output Voltage Set-Point
        3. 9.2.2.3 Switching Frequency
        4. 9.2.2.4 Inductor Selection
        5. 9.2.2.5 Output Capacitor Selection
        6. 9.2.2.6 Input Capacitor Selection
        7. 9.2.2.7 Bootstrap Capacitor
        8. 9.2.2.8 Undervoltage Lockout Set-Point
      3. 9.2.3 Application Curves
    3. 9.3 Power Supply Recommendations
    4. 9.4 Layout
      1. 9.4.1 Layout Guidelines
        1. 9.4.1.1 Compact Layout for EMI Reduction
        2. 9.4.1.2 Feedback Resistors
      2. 9.4.2 Layout Example
  10. 10Device and Documentation Support
    1. 10.1 Device Support
      1. 10.1.1 Third-Party Products Disclaimer
      2. 10.1.2 Development Support
        1. 10.1.2.1 Custom Design With WEBENCH® Tools
    2. 10.2 Documentation Support
      1. 10.2.1 Related Documentation
    3. 10.3 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates
    4. 10.4 Support Resources
    5. 10.5 Trademarks
    6. 10.6 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    7. 10.7 Glossary
  11. 11Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

Package Options

Mechanical Data (Package|Pins)
Thermal pad, mechanical data (Package|Pins)
Orderable Information

8.3.6 Overcurrent and Short-Circuit Protection

The LMR51430 incorporates both peak and valley inductor current limit to provide protection to the device from overloads and short circuits and limit the maximum output current. Valley current limit prevents inductor current runaway during short circuits on the output, while both peak and valley limits work together to limit the maximum output current of the converter. Cycle-by-cycle current limit is used for overloads, while hiccup mode is used for sustained short circuits.

High-side MOSFET overcurrent protection is implemented by the nature of the peak current mode control. The high-side switch current is sensed when the high-side is turned on after a set blanking time. The high-side switch current is compared to the output of the Error Amplifier (EA) minus slope compensation every switching cycle. See Functional Block Diagram for more details. The peak current of high-side switch is limited by a clamped maximum peak current threshold, Isc (see the Electrical Characteristics), which is constant.

The current going through the low-side MOSFET is also sensed and monitored. When the low-side switch turns on, the inductor current begins to ramp down. The low-side switch is not turned OFF at the end of a switching cycle if its current is above the low-side current limit, ILS_LIMIT (see the Electrical Characteristics). The low-side switch is kept ON so that inductor current keeps ramping down until the inductor current ramps below ILS_LIMIT. Then, the low-side switch is turned OFF and the high-side switch is turned on after a dead-time. After ILS_LIMIT is achieved, peak and valley current limit controls the max current deliver and it can be calculated using Equation 8.

Equation 8. GUID-E7206E45-957D-46C4-B069-3B0F11619841-low.gif

If the feedback voltage is lower than 40% of VREF, the current of the low-side switch triggers ILS_LIMIT for 256 consecutive cycles and hiccup current protection mode is activated. In hiccup mode, the converter shuts down and keeps off for a period of hiccup, tHICCUP (135-ms typical), before the LMR51430 tries to start again. If an overcurrent or short-circuit fault condition still exist, hiccup repeats until the fault condition is removed. Hiccup mode reduces power dissipation under severe overcurrent conditions, preventing overheating and potential damage to the device.

For FPWM version, the inductor current is allowed to go negative. When this current exceeds the low-side negative current limit, ILS_NEG, the low-side switch is turned off and high-side switch is turned on immediately. This is used to protect the low-side switch from excessive negative current.