SLVSFI1A July   2021  – December 2021 TPS1HC100-Q1

PRODUCTION DATA  

  1. 1 Features
  2. 2 Applications
  3. 3 Description
  4. 4 Revision History
  5. 5 Pin Configuration and Functions
    1. 5.1 Recommended Connections for Unused Pins
  6. 6 Specifications
    1. 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 6.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 6.4 Thermal Information
    5. 6.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 6.6 SNS Timing Characteristics
    7. 6.7 Switching Characteristics
    8. 6.8 Typical Characteristics
  7. 7 Parameter Measurement Information
  8. 8 Detailed Description
    1. 8.1 Overview
    2. 8.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 8.3 Feature Description
      1. 8.3.1 Accurate Current Sense
      2. 8.3.2 Programmable Current Limit
        1. 8.3.2.1 Capacitive Charging
      3. 8.3.3 Inductive-Load Switching-Off Clamp
      4. 8.3.4 Full Protections and Diagnostics
        1. 8.3.4.1  Short-Circuit and Overload Protection
        2. 8.3.4.2  Open-Load and Short-to-Battery Detection
        3. 8.3.4.3  Short-to-Battery Detection
        4. 8.3.4.4  Reverse-Polarity and Battery Protection
        5. 8.3.4.5  Latch-Off Mode
        6. 8.3.4.6  Thermal Protection Behavior
        7. 8.3.4.7  UVLO Protection
        8. 8.3.4.8  Loss of GND Protection
        9. 8.3.4.9  Loss of Power Supply Protection
        10. 8.3.4.10 Reverse Current Protection
        11. 8.3.4.11 Protection for MCU I/Os
      5. 8.3.5 Diagnostic Enable Function
    4. 8.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 8.4.1 Working Mode
  9. 9 Application and Implementation
    1. 9.1 Application Information
    2. 9.2 Typical Application
      1. 9.2.1 Design Requirements
      2. 9.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        1. 9.2.2.1 Dynamically Changing Current Limit
        2. 9.2.2.2 AEC Q100-012 Test Grade A Certification
        3. 9.2.2.3 EMC Transient Disturbances Test
      3. 9.2.3 Application Curves
  10. 10Power Supply Recommendations
  11. 11Layout
    1. 11.1 Layout Guidelines
    2. 11.2 Layout Example
      1. 11.2.1 Without a GND Network
      2. 11.2.2 With a GND Network
    3. 11.3 Thermal Considerations
  12. 12Device and Documentation Support
    1. 12.1 Documentation Support
      1. 12.1.1 Related Documentation
    2. 12.2 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates
    3. 12.3 Support Resources
    4. 12.4 Trademarks
    5. 12.5 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    6. 12.6 Glossary
  13. 13Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

Package Options

Mechanical Data (Package|Pins)
Thermal pad, mechanical data (Package|Pins)
Orderable Information

8.1 Overview

The TPS1HC100-Q1 is a single-channel, fully-protected, high-side power switch with an integrated NMOS power FET and charge pump. Full diagnostics and high-accuracy current-sense features enable intelligent control of the load. Low logic high threshold, VIH, of 1.5 V on the input pins allow use of MCU GPIO signals of 1.8 V. A programmable current-limit function greatly improves the reliability of the whole system. The device diagnostic reporting has two pins to support both digital status and analog current-sense output, both of which can be set to the high-impedance state when diagnostics are disabled, for multiplexing the MCU analog or digital interface among devices.

The digital status report is implemented with an open-drain structure on the fault pin. When a fault condition occurs, the pin is pulled down to GND. An external pullup is required to match the microcontroller supply level. High-accuracy current sensing allows a better real-time monitoring effect and more-accurate diagnostics without further calibration. A current mirror is used to source 1 / KSNS of the load current, which is reflected as voltage on the SNS pin. KSNS is a constant value across the temperature and supply voltage. The current-sensing function operates normally within a wide linear region from 0 to 4 V. The SNS pin can also report a fault by forcing a voltage of VSNSFH that scales with the diagnostic enable voltage so that the maximum voltage seen by the system's ADC is within an acceptable value. This action removes the need for an external zener diode or resistor divider on the SNS pin.

The external high-accuracy current limit allows setting the current limit value by application. The current limit highly improves the reliability of the system by clamping the inrush current effectively under start-up or short-circuit conditions. Also, the current limit can save system costs by reducing PCB trace, connector size, and the preceding power-stage capacity. An internal current limit is also implemented in this device. The lower value of the external or internal current-limit value is applied.

An active drain to source voltage clamp is built in to address switching off the energy of inductive loads, such as relays, solenoids, pumps, motors, and so forth. During the inductive switching-off cycle, both the energy of the power supply (EBAT) and the load (ELOAD) are dissipated on the high-side power switch itself. With the benefits of process technology and excellent IC layout, the TPS1HC100-Q1 device can achieve excellent power dissipation capacity, which can help save the external free-wheeling circuitry in most cases. For more details, see Inductive-Load Switching-Off Clamp.

Short-circuit reliability is critical for smart high-side power-switch devices. The standard of AEC-Q100-012 is to determine the reliability of the devices when operating in a continuous short-circuit condition. Different grade levels are specified according to the pass cycles. This device is qualified with the highest level, Grade A, 1 million times short-to-GND certification.

The TPS1HC100-Q1 device can be used as a high-side power switch for a wide variety of resistive, inductive, and capacitive loads, including the low-wattage bulbs, LEDs, relays, solenoids, and heaters.