SLVSGX1A July   2023  – October 2023 TPS25984

PRODUCTION DATA  

  1.   1
  2. 1 Features
  3. 2 Applications
  4. 3 Description
  5. 4 Revision History
  6. 5 Description (continued)
  7. 6 Pin Configuration and Functions
  8. 7 Specifications
    1. 7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 7.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 7.4 Thermal Information
    5. 7.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 7.6 Logic Interface
    7. 7.7 Timing Requirements
    8. 7.8 Switching Characteristics
    9. 7.9 Typical Characteristics
  9. 8 Detailed Description
    1. 8.1 Overview
    2. 8.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 8.3 Feature Description
      1. 8.3.1  Undervoltage Protection
      2. 8.3.2  Insertion Delay
      3. 8.3.3  Overvoltage Protection
      4. 8.3.4  Inrush Current, Overcurrent, and Short-Circuit Protection
        1. 8.3.4.1 Slew Rate (dVdt) and Inrush Current Control
          1. 8.3.4.1.1 Start-Up Time Out
        2. 8.3.4.2 Steady-State Overcurrent Protection (Circuit-Breaker)
        3. 8.3.4.3 Active Current Limiting During Start-Up
        4. 8.3.4.4 Short-Circuit Protection
      5. 8.3.5  Analog Load Current Monitor (IMON)
      6. 8.3.6  Mode Selection (MODE)
      7. 8.3.7  Parallel Device Synchronization (SWEN)
      8. 8.3.8  Stacking Multiple eFuses for Unlimited Scalability
        1. 8.3.8.1 Current Balancing During Start-Up
      9. 8.3.9  Analog Junction Temperature Monitor (TEMP)
      10. 8.3.10 Overtemperature Protection
      11. 8.3.11 Fault Response and Indication (FLT)
      12. 8.3.12 Power-Good Indication (PG)
      13. 8.3.13 Output Discharge
      14. 8.3.14 FET Health Monitoring
      15. 8.3.15 Single Point Failure Mitigation
        1. 8.3.15.1 IMON Pin Single Point Failure
        2. 8.3.15.2 ILIM Pin Single Point Failure
        3. 8.3.15.3 IREF Pin Single Point Failure
        4. 8.3.15.4 ITIMER Pin Single Point Failure
    4. 8.4 Device Functional Modes
  10. 9 Application and Implementation
    1. 9.1 Application Information
      1. 9.1.1 Single Device, Standalone Operation
      2. 9.1.2 Multiple Devices, Parallel Connection
      3. 9.1.3 Multiple eFuses, Parallel Connection With PMBus
      4. 9.1.4 Digital Telemetry Using External Microcontroller
    2. 9.2 Typical Application: 12-V, 3.3-kW Power Path Protection in Data Center Servers
      1. 9.2.1 Application
      2. 9.2.2 Design Requirements
      3. 9.2.3 Detailed Design Procedure
      4. 9.2.4 Application Curves
    3. 9.3 Best Design Practices
    4. 9.4 Power Supply Recommendations
      1. 9.4.1 Transient Protection
      2. 9.4.2 Output short-Circuit Measurements
    5. 9.5 Layout
      1. 9.5.1 Layout Guidelines
      2. 9.5.2 Layout Example
  11. 10Device and Documentation Support
    1. 10.1 Documentation Support
      1. 10.1.1 Related Documentation
    2. 10.2 Support Resources
    3. 10.3 Trademarks
    4. 10.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    5. 10.5 Glossary
  12. 11Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

Package Options

Mechanical Data (Package|Pins)
Thermal pad, mechanical data (Package|Pins)
Orderable Information

8.1 Overview

The TPS25984x is an eFuse with integrated power switch that is used to manage load voltage and load current. The device starts its operation by monitoring the VDD and IN bus. When VDD and VIN exceed the respective Undervoltage Protection (UVP) thresholds, the device waits for the insertion delay timer duration to allow the supply to stabilize before starting up. Next the device samples the EN/UVLO pin and SWEN pins. A high level on both these pins enables the internal MOSFET to start conducting and allow current to flow from IN to OUT. When either EN/UVLO or SWEN is held low, the internal MOSFET is turned off.

After a successful start-up sequence, the TPS25984x device now actively monitors its load current and input voltage, and controls the internal FET to ensure that the programmed overcurrent threshold is not exceeded and input overvoltage spikes are cut off. This action keeps the system safe from harmful levels of voltage and current. At the same time, a user-adjustable overcurrent blanking timer allows the system to pass transient peaks in the load current profile without tripping the eFuse. Similarly, voltage transients on the supply line are intelligently masked to prevent nuisance trips. This feature ensures a robust protection solution against real faults which is also immune to transients, thereby ensuring maximum system uptime.

The device has integrated high accuracy and high bandwidth analog load current monitor, which allows the system to precisely monitor the load current in steady state as well as during transients. This feature facilitates the implementation of advanced dynamic platform power management techniques such as Intel® PSYS to maximize system power usage and throughput without sacrificing safety and reliability.

For systems needing higher load current support, multiple TPS25984x eFuses can be connected in parallel. All devices share current during start-up as well as steady-state to avoid over-stressing some of the devices more than others which can result in premature or partial shutdown of the parallel chain. The devices synchronize their operating states to ensure graceful start-up, shutdown, and response to faults. This synchronization makes the whole chain function as a single very high current eFuse rather than a bunch of independent eFuses operating asynchronously.

The device has integrated protection circuits to ensure device safety and reliability under recommended operating conditions. The internal FET SOA is protected at all times using the thermal shutdown mechanism, which turns off the FET whenever the junction temperature (TJ) becomes too high for the FET to operate safely.