SBVS437C December   2022  – June 2024 TPS7A21-Q1

PRODMIX  

  1.   1
  2. 1 Features
  3. 2 Applications
  4. 3 Description
  5. 4 Pin Configuration and Functions
  6. 5 Specifications
    1. 5.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 5.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 5.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 5.4 Thermal Information
    5. 5.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 5.6 Typical Characteristics
  7. 6 Detailed Description
    1. 6.1 Overview
    2. 6.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 6.3 Feature Description
      1. 6.3.1 Smart Enable (EN)
      2. 6.3.2 Low Output Noise
      3. 6.3.3 Active Discharge
      4. 6.3.4 Dropout Voltage
      5. 6.3.5 Foldback Current Limit
      6. 6.3.6 Undervoltage Lockout
      7. 6.3.7 Thermal Overload Protection (TSD)
    4. 6.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 6.4.1 Device Functional Mode Comparison
      2. 6.4.2 Normal Operation
      3. 6.4.3 Dropout Operation
      4. 6.4.4 Disabled
  8. 7 Applications and Implementation
    1. 7.1 Application Information
      1. 7.1.1 Recommended Capacitor Types
      2. 7.1.2 Input and Output Capacitor Requirements
      3. 7.1.3 Load Transient Response
      4. 7.1.4 Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO) Operation
      5. 7.1.5 Power Dissipation (PD)
      6. 7.1.6 Estimating Junction Temperature
      7. 7.1.7 Recommended Area For Continuous Operation
    2. 7.2 Typical Application
      1. 7.2.1 Design Requirements
      2. 7.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        1. 7.2.2.1 Power Dissipation and Device Operation
      3. 7.2.3 Application Curves
    3. 7.3 Power Supply Recommendations
    4. 7.4 Layout
      1. 7.4.1 Layout Guidelines
      2. 7.4.2 Layout Example
  9. 8 Device and Documentation Support
    1. 8.1 Device Support
      1. 8.1.1 Device Nomenclature
    2. 8.2 Documentation Support
      1. 8.2.1 Related Documentation
    3. 8.3 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates
    4. 8.4 Support Resources
    5. 8.5 Trademarks
    6. 8.6 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    7. 8.7 Glossary
  10. 9 Revision History
  11. 10Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information
    1. 10.1 Mechanical Data

Package Options

Mechanical Data (Package|Pins)
Thermal pad, mechanical data (Package|Pins)
Orderable Information

7.1.5 Power Dissipation (PD)

Circuit reliability demands that proper consideration be given to device power dissipation, location of the circuit on the printed circuit board (PCB), and correct sizing of the thermal plane. Make sure the PCB area around the regulator is as free as possible of other heat-generating devices that cause added thermal stresses.

As a first-order approximation, power dissipation in the regulator depends on the input-to-output voltage difference and load conditions. Use Equation 2 to approximate PD:

Equation 2. PD = (VIN – VOUT) × IOUT

Power dissipation is minimized, and thus greater efficiency achieved, by proper selection of the system voltage rails. Proper selection allows the minimum input-to-output voltage differential to be obtained. The low dropout of the TPS7A21-Q1 allows for maximum efficiency across a wide range of output voltages.

The main heat conduction path for the device is through the thermal pad on the package. As such, solder the thermal pad to a copper pad area under the device. This pad area contains an array of plated vias that conduct heat to any inner plane areas or to a bottom-side copper plane.

The maximum allowable junction temperature (TJ) determines the maximum power dissipation for the device. According to Equation 3, power dissipation and junction temperature are most often related by the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (RθJA) of the combined PCB and device package and the temperature of the ambient air (TA).

Equation 3. TJ = TA + (RθJA × PD)

Equation 4 rearranges Equation 3 for output current.

Equation 4. IOUT = (TJ – TA) / [RθJA × (VIN – VOUT)]

Unfortunately, this thermal resistance (RθJA) is highly dependent on the heat-spreading capability built into the particular PCB design, and therefore varies according to the total copper area, copper weight, and location of the planes. The RθJA recorded in the Thermal Information table is determined by the JEDEC standard, PCB, and copper-spreading area, and is only used as a relative measure of package thermal performance. For a well-designed thermal layout, RθJA is actually the sum of the package junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance (RθJC(bot)) plus the thermal resistance contribution by the PCB copper.