SLUSCV5 May   2022 TPS92643-Q1

PRODUCTION DATA  

  1.   1
  2. 1 Features
  3. 2 Applications
  4. 3 Description
  5. 4 Revision History
  6. 5 Pin Configuration and Functions
  7. 6 Specifications
    1. 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 6.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 6.4 Thermal Information
    5. 6.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 6.6 Typical Characteristics
  8. 7 Detailed Description
    1. 7.1 Overview
    2. 7.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 7.3 Feature Description
      1. 7.3.1  Internal Regulator
      2. 7.3.2  Buck Converter Switching Operation
      3. 7.3.3  Bootstrap Supply
      4. 7.3.4  Switching Frequency and Adaptive On-Time Control
      5. 7.3.5  Minimum On-Time, Off-Time, and Inductor Ripple
      6. 7.3.6  LED Current Regulation and Error Amplifier
      7. 7.3.7  Start-Up Sequence
      8. 7.3.8  Analog Dimming and Forced Continuous Conduction Mode
      9. 7.3.9  External PWM Dimming and Input Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)
      10. 7.3.10 Analog Pulse Width Modulator Circuit
      11. 7.3.11 Output Short and Open-Circuit Faults
      12. 7.3.12 Overcurrent Protection
      13. 7.3.13 Thermal Shutdown
      14. 7.3.14 Fault Indicator and Diagnostics Summary
    4. 7.4 Device Functional Modes
  9. 8 Application and Implementation
    1. 8.1 Application Information
      1. 8.1.1  Duty Cycle Considerations
      2. 8.1.2  Switching Frequency Selection
      3. 8.1.3  LED Current Programming
      4. 8.1.4  Inductor Selection
      5. 8.1.5  Output Capacitor Selection
      6. 8.1.6  Input Capacitor Selection
      7. 8.1.7  Bootstrap Capacitor Selection
      8. 8.1.8  Compensation Capacitor Selection
      9. 8.1.9  Input Dropout and Undervoltage Protection
      10. 8.1.10 APWM Input and Thermal Protection
      11. 8.1.11 Protection Diodes
    2. 8.2 Typical Application
      1. 8.2.1 Design Requirements
      2. 8.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        1. 8.2.2.1 Calculating Duty Cycle
        2. 8.2.2.2 Calculating Minimum On-Time and Off-Time
        3. 8.2.2.3 Minimum Switching Frequency
        4. 8.2.2.4 LED Current Set Point
        5. 8.2.2.5 Inductor Selection
        6. 8.2.2.6 Output Capacitor Selection
        7. 8.2.2.7 Bootstrap Capacitor Selection
        8. 8.2.2.8 Compensation Capacitor Selection
        9. 8.2.2.9 VIN Dropout Protection and PWM Dimming
      3. 8.2.3 Application Curves
    3. 8.3 Power Supply Recommendations
    4. 8.4 Layout
      1. 8.4.1 Layout Guidelines
        1. 8.4.1.1 Compact Layout for EMI Reduction
          1. 8.4.1.1.1 Ground Plane
      2. 8.4.2 Layout Example
  10. 9 Power Supply Recommendations
  11. 10Layout
    1. 10.1 Layout Guidelines
      1. 10.1.1 Compact Layout for EMI Reduction
        1. 10.1.1.1 Ground Plane
    2. 10.2 Layout Example
  12. 11Device and Documentation Support
    1. 11.1 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates
    2. 11.2 Support Resources
    3. 11.3 Trademarks
    4. 11.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    5. 11.5 Glossary
  13. 12Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

Package Options

Mechanical Data (Package|Pins)
Thermal pad, mechanical data (Package|Pins)
Orderable Information

7.3.9 External PWM Dimming and Input Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)

The UDIM pin is a multifunction input that features an accurate input voltage detection based on band-gap thresholds with programmable hysteresis as shown in Figure 7-5. This pin functions as the external PWM dimming input for the LEDs and monitors VIN to detect dropout and undervoltage conditions. When the rising pin voltage exceeds the 2.45-V threshold, 10 µA (typical) of current is driven out of the UDIM pin into the resistor divider providing programmable hysteresis. TI recommends a bypass capacitor value of 1 nF between the UDIM pin and GND to improve noise immunity.

TPS92643-Q1 External PWM Dimming Figure 7-5 External PWM Dimming

The brightness of LEDs can be varied by modulating the duty cycle of the signal directly connected to the UDIM input. In addition, either an n-channel MOSFET or a Schottky diode can be used to couple an external PWM signal when using UDIM input in conjunction with UVLO functionality. With an n-channel MOSFET, the brightness is proportional to the negative duty cycle of the external PWM signal. With a Schottky diode, the brightness is proportional to the positive duty cycle of the external PWM signal.

Dropout and input undervoltage protection is achieved by connecting the resistor divider network from VIN to UDIM pin and UDIM pin to GND. Dropout protection is activated when UDIM pin voltage drops below VUDIM(DO, FALL) threshold but is held above VUDIM(EN) threshold. In dropout protection mode, the device disables the error amplifier and disconnects the COMP pin to maintain charge on the compensation network. The device continues switching, ensuring fast response with minimum led current overshoot as the converter recovers from dropout condition. The minimum input voltage, below which drop protection is activated is programmed using Equation 8.

Equation 8. V I N ( D O , F A L L ) = V I N ( D O , R I S E ) - I U D I M ( D O ) × R U V 2 + R U V H + 10 × 10 3 × R U V 1 + R U V 2 R U V 1

Equation 9 shows the input voltage rising threshold. When VIN exceeds the rising threshold, the error amplifier is enabled, the COMP pin is connected to the compensation network. The control loop now regulates the LED current regulation.

Equation 9. V I N ( D O , R I S E ) = V U D I M ( D O , R I S E ) × R U V 1 + R U V 2 R U V 1

Additional hysteresis to internal 100 mV is programmed by connecting an external resistor, RUVH in series with UDIM pin. This connection allows the standard resistor divider to have smaller values, minimizing PWM delays.

Input undervoltage protection is triggered when UDIM pin voltage drops below VUDIM(EN) thresholds. The device responds to very low VIN voltage or to the external PWM input signal by disabling the error amplifier, disconnecting the COMP pin and tri-stating the switch node. With switch disabled, inductor current and the LED current drops to zero and the charge on the compensation network is maintained. On rising edge of PWM or when VIN exceeds the internal hysteresis of 100 mV, the converter resumes switching operation. The inductor current quickly ramps to the previous steady-state value.

Equation 10 defines the VIN UVLO rising threshold.

Equation 10. V I N U V L O , R I S E = V U D I M E N , R I S E × R U V 1 + R U V 2 R U V 1

Use Equation 11 to determine the VIN UVLO falling threshold.

Equation 11. V I N ( U V L O , F A L L ) = V U D I M ( E N , F A L L ) × R U V 1 + R U V 2 R U V 1