JAJSEV0G july 2016 – august 2023 DP83822H , DP83822HF , DP83822I , DP83822IF
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The DP83822 uses Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) to determine the quality of the cables, connectors and terminations in addition to estimating the cable length. Some of the possible problems that can be diagnosed include opens, shorts, cable impedance mismatch, bad connectors, termination mismatches, cross faults, cross shorts and any other discontinuities along the cable.
The DP83822 transmits a test pulse of known amplitude (1 V) down each of the two pairs of an attached cable. The transmitted signal continues down the cable and reflects from each cable imperfection, fault, connector and from the end of the cable itself. After the pulse transmission, the DP83822 measures the return time and amplitude of all these reflected pulses. This technique enables measuring the distance and magnitude (impedance) of non-terminated cables (open or short), discontinuities (bad connectors) and improperly terminated cables with ±1m accuracy.
For all TDR measurements, the transformation between time of arrival and physical distance is done by the external host using minor computations (such as multiplication, addition and lookup tables). The host must know the expected propagation delay of the cable, which depends, among other things, on the cable category (for example, CAT5, CAT5e, or CAT6).
TDR measurement is allowed in the following scenarios:
TDR Auto-Run can be enabled by using bit[8] in the Control Regsiter #1 (CR1, address 0x0009). When a link drops, TDR will automatically execute and store the results in the respective TDR Cable Diagnostic Location Result Registers #1 - #5 (CDLRR, addresses 0x0180 to 0x0184) and the Cable Diagnostic Amplitude Result Registers #1 - #5 (CDLAR, addresses 0x0185 to 0x0189). TDR can also be run manually using bit[15] in the Cable Diagnostic Control Register (CDCR, address 0x001E). Cable diagnostic status is obtained by reading bits[1:0] in the CDCR. Additional TDR functions including cycle averaging, bypass channel and crossover disable can be found in the Cable Diagnostic Specific Control Register (CDSCR, address 0x0170).