JAJSQ14A february   2023  – august 2023 TDA4AH-Q1 , TDA4AP-Q1 , TDA4VH-Q1 , TDA4VP-Q1

ADVANCE INFORMATION  

  1.   1
  2. 1 特長
  3. 2 アプリケーション
  4. 3 概要
    1. 3.1 機能ブロック図
  5. 4 Revision History
  6. 5 Device Comparison
  7. 6 Terminal Configuration and Functions
    1. 6.1 Pin Diagrams
    2. 6.2 Pin Attributes
      1.      11
      2.      12
    3. 6.3 Signal Descriptions
      1.      14
      2. 6.3.1  ADC
        1. 6.3.1.1 MCU Domain
          1.        17
          2.        18
          3.        19
      3. 6.3.2  DDRSS
        1. 6.3.2.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        22
          2.        23
          3.        24
          4.        25
      4. 6.3.3  GPIO
        1. 6.3.3.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        28
        2. 6.3.3.2 WKUP Domain
          1.        30
      5. 6.3.4  I2C
        1. 6.3.4.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        33
          2.        34
          3.        35
          4.        36
          5.        37
          6.        38
          7.        39
        2. 6.3.4.2 MCU Domain
          1.        41
          2.        42
        3. 6.3.4.3 WKUP Domain
          1.        44
      6. 6.3.5  I3C
        1. 6.3.5.1 MCU Domain
          1.        47
      7. 6.3.6  MCAN
        1. 6.3.6.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        50
          2.        51
          3.        52
          4.        53
          5.        54
          6.        55
          7.        56
          8.        57
          9.        58
          10.        59
          11.        60
          12.        61
          13.        62
          14.        63
          15.        64
          16.        65
          17.        66
          18.        67
        2. 6.3.6.2 MCU Domain
          1.        69
          2.        70
      8. 6.3.7  MCSPI
        1. 6.3.7.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        73
          2.        74
          3.        75
          4.        76
          5.        77
          6.        78
          7.        79
        2. 6.3.7.2 MCU Domain
          1.        81
          2.        82
      9. 6.3.8  UART
        1. 6.3.8.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        85
          2.        86
          3.        87
          4.        88
          5.        89
          6.        90
          7.        91
          8.        92
          9.        93
          10.        94
        2. 6.3.8.2 MCU Domain
          1.        96
        3. 6.3.8.3 WKUP Domain
          1.        98
      10. 6.3.9  MDIO
        1. 6.3.9.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        101
          2.        102
        2. 6.3.9.2 MCU Domain
          1.        104
      11. 6.3.10 UFS
        1. 6.3.10.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        107
      12. 6.3.11 CPSW2G
        1. 6.3.11.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        110
        2. 6.3.11.2 MCU Domain
          1.        112
      13. 6.3.12 SGMII
        1. 6.3.12.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        115
      14. 6.3.13 ECAP
        1. 6.3.13.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        118
          2.        119
          3.        120
      15. 6.3.14 EQEP
        1. 6.3.14.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        123
          2.        124
          3.        125
      16. 6.3.15 EPWM
        1. 6.3.15.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        128
          2.        129
          3.        130
          4.        131
          5.        132
          6.        133
          7.        134
      17. 6.3.16 USB
        1. 6.3.16.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        137
      18. 6.3.17 Display Port
        1. 6.3.17.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        140
      19. 6.3.18 Hyperlink
        1. 6.3.18.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        143
          2.        144
          3.        145
      20. 6.3.19 PCIE
        1. 6.3.19.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        148
      21. 6.3.20 SERDES
        1. 6.3.20.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        151
          2.        152
          3.        153
          4.        154
      22. 6.3.21 DSI
        1. 6.3.21.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        157
          2.        158
      23. 6.3.22 CSI
        1. 6.3.22.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        161
          2.        162
          3.        163
      24. 6.3.23 MCASP
        1. 6.3.23.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        166
          2.        167
          3.        168
          4.        169
          5.        170
      25. 6.3.24 DMTIMER
        1. 6.3.24.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        173
        2. 6.3.24.2 MCU Domain
          1.        175
      26. 6.3.25 CPTS
        1. 6.3.25.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        178
        2. 6.3.25.2 MCU Domain
          1.        180
      27. 6.3.26 DSS
        1. 6.3.26.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        183
      28. 6.3.27 GPMC
        1. 6.3.27.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        186
      29. 6.3.28 MMC
        1. 6.3.28.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        189
          2.        190
      30. 6.3.29 OSPI
        1. 6.3.29.1 MCU Domain
          1.        193
          2.        194
      31. 6.3.30 Hyperbus
        1. 6.3.30.1 MCU Domain
          1.        197
      32. 6.3.31 Emulation and Debug
        1. 6.3.31.1 MAIN Domain
          1.        200
          2.        201
      33. 6.3.32 System and Miscellaneous
        1. 6.3.32.1 Boot Mode configuration
          1.        204
        2. 6.3.32.2 Clock
          1.        206
          2.        207
        3. 6.3.32.3 System
          1.        209
          2.        210
        4. 6.3.32.4 EFUSE
          1.        212
        5. 6.3.32.5 VMON
          1.        214
      34. 6.3.33 Power
        1.       216
    4. 6.4 Pin Connectivity Requirements
  8. 7 Specifications
    1. 7.1  Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 7.2  ESD Ratings
    3. 7.3  Power-On-Hour (POH) Limits
    4. 7.4  Recommended Operating Conditions
    5. 7.5  Operating Performance Points
    6. 7.6  Electrical Characteristics
      1. 7.6.1  I2C, Open-Drain, Fail-Safe (I2C OD FS) Electrical Characteristics
      2. 7.6.2  Fail-Safe Reset (FS Reset) Electrical Characteristics
      3. 7.6.3  HFOSC/LFOSC Electrical Characteristics
      4. 7.6.4  eMMCPHY Electrical Characteristics
      5. 7.6.5  SDIO Electrical Characteristics
      6. 7.6.6  CSI2/DSI D-PHY Electrical Characteristics
      7. 7.6.7  ADC12B Electrical Characteristics
      8. 7.6.8  LVCMOS Electrical Characteristics
      9. 7.6.9  USB2PHY Electrical Characteristics
      10. 7.6.10 SerDes 2-L-PHY/4-L-PHY Electrical Characteristics
      11. 7.6.11 UFS M-PHY Electrical Characteristics
      12. 7.6.12 eDP/DP AUX-PHY Electrical Characteristics
      13. 7.6.13 DDR0 Electrical Characteristics
    7. 7.7  VPP Specifications for One-Time Programmable (OTP) eFuses
      1. 7.7.1 Recommended Operating Conditions for OTP eFuse Programming
      2. 7.7.2 Hardware Requirements
      3. 7.7.3 Programming Sequence
      4. 7.7.4 Impact to Your Hardware Warranty
    8. 7.8  Thermal Resistance Characteristics
      1. 7.8.1 Thermal Resistance Characteristics for ALY Package
    9. 7.9  Temperature Sensor Characteristics
    10. 7.10 Timing and Switching Characteristics
      1. 7.10.1 Timing Parameters and Information
      2. 7.10.2 Power Supply Sequencing
        1. 7.10.2.1 Power Supply Slew Rate Requirement
        2. 7.10.2.2 Combined MCU and Main Domains Power- Up Sequencing
        3. 7.10.2.3 Combined MCU and Main Domains Power- Down Sequencing
        4. 7.10.2.4 Isolated MCU and Main Domains Power- Up Sequencing
        5. 7.10.2.5 Isolated MCU and Main Domains Power- Down Sequencing
        6. 7.10.2.6 Independent MCU and Main Domains, Entry and Exit of MCU Only Sequencing
        7. 7.10.2.7 Independent MCU and Main Domains, Entry and Exit of DDR Retention State
        8. 7.10.2.8 Independent MCU and Main Domains, Entry and Exit of GPIO Retention Sequencing
      3. 7.10.3 System Timing
        1. 7.10.3.1 Reset Timing
        2. 7.10.3.2 Safety Signal Timing
        3. 7.10.3.3 Clock Timing
      4. 7.10.4 Clock Specifications
        1. 7.10.4.1 Input and Output Clocks / Oscillators
          1. 7.10.4.1.1 WKUP_OSC0 Internal Oscillator Clock Source
            1. 7.10.4.1.1.1 Load Capacitance
            2. 7.10.4.1.1.2 Shunt Capacitance
          2. 7.10.4.1.2 WKUP_OSC0 LVCMOS Digital Clock Source
          3. 7.10.4.1.3 Auxiliary OSC1 Internal Oscillator Clock Source
            1. 7.10.4.1.3.1 Load Capacitance
            2. 7.10.4.1.3.2 Shunt Capacitance
          4. 7.10.4.1.4 Auxiliary OSC1 LVCMOS Digital Clock Source
          5. 7.10.4.1.5 Auxiliary OSC1 Not Used
        2. 7.10.4.2 Output Clocks
        3. 7.10.4.3 PLLs
        4. 7.10.4.4 Module and Peripheral Clocks Frequencies
      5. 7.10.5 Peripherals
        1. 7.10.5.1  ATL
          1. 7.10.5.1.1 ATL_PCLK Timing Requirements
          2. 7.10.5.1.2 ATL_AWS[x] Timing Requirements
          3. 7.10.5.1.3 ATL_BWS[x] Timing Requirements
          4. 7.10.5.1.4 ATCLK[x] Switching Characteristics
        2. 7.10.5.2  CPSW2G
          1. 7.10.5.2.1 CPSW2G MDIO Interface Timings
          2. 7.10.5.2.2 CPSW2G RMII Timings
            1. 7.10.5.2.2.1 CPSW2G RMII[x]_REF_CLK Timing Requirements – RMII Mode
            2. 7.10.5.2.2.2 CPSW2G RMII[x]_RXD[1:0], RMII[x]_CRS_DV, and RMII[x]_RX_ER Timing Requirements – RMII Mode
            3. 7.10.5.2.2.3 CPSW2G RMII[x]_TXD[1:0], and RMII[x]_TX_EN Switching Characteristics – RMII Mode
          3. 7.10.5.2.3 CPSW2G RGMII Timings
            1. 7.10.5.2.3.1 RGMII[x]_RXC Timing Requirements – RGMII Mode
            2. 7.10.5.2.3.2 CPSW2G Timing Requirements for RGMII[x]_RD[3:0], and RGMII[x]_RCTL – RGMII Mode
            3. 7.10.5.2.3.3 CPSW2G RGMII[x]_TXC Switching Characteristics – RGMII Mode
            4. 7.10.5.2.3.4 RGMII[x]_TD[3:0], and RGMII[x]_TX_CTL Switching Characteristics – RGMII Mode
        3. 7.10.5.3  CSI-2
        4. 7.10.5.4  DDRSS
        5. 7.10.5.5  DSS
        6. 7.10.5.6  eCAP
          1. 7.10.5.6.1 Timing Requirements for eCAP
          2. 7.10.5.6.2 Switching Characteristics for eCAP
        7. 7.10.5.7  EPWM
          1. 7.10.5.7.1 Timing Requirements for eHRPWM
          2. 7.10.5.7.2 Switching Characteristics for eHRPWM
        8. 7.10.5.8  eQEP
          1. 7.10.5.8.1 Timing Requirements for eQEP
          2. 7.10.5.8.2 Switching Characteristics for eQEP
        9. 7.10.5.9  GPIO
          1. 7.10.5.9.1 GPIO Timing Requirements
          2. 7.10.5.9.2 GPIO Switching Characteristics
        10. 7.10.5.10 GPMC
          1. 7.10.5.10.1 GPMC and NOR Flash — Synchronous Mode
            1. 7.10.5.10.1.1 GPMC and NOR Flash Timing Requirements — Synchronous Mode
            2. 7.10.5.10.1.2 GPMC and NOR Flash Switching Characteristics – Synchronous Mode
          2. 7.10.5.10.2 GPMC and NOR Flash — Asynchronous Mode
            1. 7.10.5.10.2.1 GPMC and NOR Flash Timing Requirements – Asynchronous Mode
            2. 7.10.5.10.2.2 GPMC and NOR Flash Switching Characteristics – Asynchronous Mode
          3. 7.10.5.10.3 GPMC and NAND Flash — Asynchronous Mode
            1. 7.10.5.10.3.1 GPMC and NAND Flash Timing Requirements – Asynchronous Mode
            2. 7.10.5.10.3.2 GPMC and NAND Flash Switching Characteristics – Asynchronous Mode
          4. 7.10.5.10.4 GPMC0 IOSET
        11. 7.10.5.11 HyperBus
          1. 7.10.5.11.1 Timing Requirements for HyperBus
          2. 7.10.5.11.2 HyperBus 166 MHz Switching Characteristics
          3. 7.10.5.11.3 HyperBus 100 MHz Switching Characteristics
        12. 7.10.5.12 I2C
        13. 7.10.5.13 I3C
        14. 7.10.5.14 MCAN
        15. 7.10.5.15 MCASP
        16. 7.10.5.16 MCSPI
          1. 7.10.5.16.1 MCSPI — Controller Mode
          2. 7.10.5.16.2 MCSPI — Peripheral Mode
        17. 7.10.5.17 MMCSD
          1. 7.10.5.17.1 MMC0 - eMMC Interface
            1. 7.10.5.17.1.1 Legacy SDR Mode
            2. 7.10.5.17.1.2 High Speed SDR Mode
            3. 7.10.5.17.1.3 High Speed DDR Mode
            4. 7.10.5.17.1.4 HS200 Mode
            5. 7.10.5.17.1.5 HS400 Mode
          2. 7.10.5.17.2 MMC1/2 - SD/SDIO Interface
            1. 7.10.5.17.2.1 Default Speed Mode
            2. 7.10.5.17.2.2 High Speed Mode
            3. 7.10.5.17.2.3 UHS–I SDR12 Mode
            4. 7.10.5.17.2.4 UHS–I SDR25 Mode
            5. 7.10.5.17.2.5 UHS–I SDR50 Mode
            6. 7.10.5.17.2.6 UHS–I DDR50 Mode
            7. 7.10.5.17.2.7 UHS–I SDR104 Mode
        18. 7.10.5.18 CPTS
          1. 7.10.5.18.1 CPTS Timing Requirements
          2. 7.10.5.18.2 CPTS Switching Characteristics
        19. 7.10.5.19 OSPI
          1. 7.10.5.19.1 OSPI0 PHY Mode
            1. 7.10.5.19.1.1 OSPI With Data Training
              1. 7.10.5.19.1.1.1 OSPI Switching Characteristics – Data Training
            2. 7.10.5.19.1.2 OSPI Without Data Training
              1. 7.10.5.19.1.2.1 OSPI Timing Requirements – SDR Mode
              2. 7.10.5.19.1.2.2 OSPI Switching Characteristics – SDR Mode
              3. 7.10.5.19.1.2.3 OSPI Timing Requirements – DDR Mode
              4. 7.10.5.19.1.2.4 OSPI Switching Characteristics – DDR Mode
          2. 7.10.5.19.2 OSPI0 Tap Mode
            1. 7.10.5.19.2.1 OSPI0 Tap SDR Timing
            2. 7.10.5.19.2.2 OSPI0 Tap DDR Timing
        20. 7.10.5.20 OLDI
          1. 7.10.5.20.1 OLDI Switching Characteristics
        21. 7.10.5.21 PCIE
        22. 7.10.5.22 Timers
          1. 7.10.5.22.1 Timing Requirements for Timers
          2. 7.10.5.22.2 Switching Characteristics for Timers
        23. 7.10.5.23 UART
          1. 7.10.5.23.1 Timing Requirements for UART
          2. 7.10.5.23.2 UART Switching Characteristics
        24. 7.10.5.24 USB
      6. 7.10.6 Emulation and Debug
        1. 7.10.6.1 Trace
        2. 7.10.6.2 JTAG
          1. 7.10.6.2.1 JTAG Electrical Data and Timing
            1. 7.10.6.2.1.1 JTAG Timing Requirements
            2. 7.10.6.2.1.2 JTAG Switching Characteristics
  9. 8 Detailed Description
    1. 8.1 Overview
    2. 8.2 Processor Subsystems
      1. 8.2.1 Arm Cortex-A72
      2. 8.2.2 Arm Cortex-R5F
      3. 8.2.3 DSP C71x
    3. 8.3 Accelerators and Coprocessors
      1. 8.3.1 GPU
      2. 8.3.2 VPAC
      3. 8.3.3 DMPAC
    4. 8.4 Other Subsystems
      1. 8.4.1 MSMC
      2. 8.4.2 NAVSS
        1. 8.4.2.1 NAVSS0
        2. 8.4.2.2 MCU_NAVSS
      3. 8.4.3 PDMA Controller
      4. 8.4.4 Power Supply
      5. 8.4.5 Peripherals
        1. 8.4.5.1  ADC
        2. 8.4.5.2  ATL
        3. 8.4.5.3  CSI
          1. 8.4.5.3.1 Camera Streaming Interface Receiver (CSI_RX_IF) and MIPI DPHY Receiver (DPHY_RX)
          2. 8.4.5.3.2 Camera Streaming Interface Transmitter (CSI_TX_IF)
        4. 8.4.5.4  CPSW2G
        5. 8.4.5.5  CPSW9G
        6. 8.4.5.6  DCC
        7. 8.4.5.7  DDRSS
        8. 8.4.5.8  DSS
          1. 8.4.5.8.1 DSI
          2. 8.4.5.8.2 eDP
        9. 8.4.5.9  VPFE
        10. 8.4.5.10 eCAP
        11. 8.4.5.11 EPWM
        12. 8.4.5.12 ELM
        13. 8.4.5.13 ESM
        14. 8.4.5.14 eQEP
        15. 8.4.5.15 GPIO
        16. 8.4.5.16 GPMC
        17. 8.4.5.17 Hyperbus
        18. 8.4.5.18 I2C
        19. 8.4.5.19 I3C
        20. 8.4.5.20 MCAN
        21. 8.4.5.21 MCASP
        22. 8.4.5.22 MCRC Controller
        23. 8.4.5.23 MCSPI
        24. 8.4.5.24 MMC/SD
        25. 8.4.5.25 OSPI
        26. 8.4.5.26 PCIE
        27. 8.4.5.27 SerDes
        28. 8.4.5.28 WWDT
        29. 8.4.5.29 Timers
        30. 8.4.5.30 UART
        31. 8.4.5.31 USB
        32. 8.4.5.32 UFS
  10. 9 Applications, Implementation, and Layout
    1. 9.1 Device Connection and Layout Fundamentals
      1. 9.1.1 Power Supply Decoupling and Bulk Capacitors
        1. 9.1.1.1 Power Distribution Network Implementation Guidance
      2. 9.1.2 External Oscillator
      3. 9.1.3 JTAG and EMU
      4. 9.1.4 Reset
      5. 9.1.5 Unused Pins
      6. 9.1.6 Hardware Design Guide for JacintoTM 7 Devices
    2. 9.2 Peripheral- and Interface-Specific Design Information
      1. 9.2.1 LPDDR4 Board Design and Layout Guidelines
      2. 9.2.2 OSPI and QSPI Board Design and Layout Guidelines
        1. 9.2.2.1 No Loopback and Internal Pad Loopback
        2. 9.2.2.2 External Board Loopback
        3. 9.2.2.3 DQS (only available in Octal Flash devices)
      3. 9.2.3 USB VBUS Design Guidelines
      4. 9.2.4 System Power Supply Monitor Design Guidelines using VMON/POK
      5. 9.2.5 High Speed Differential Signal Routing Guidance
      6. 9.2.6 Thermal Solution Guidance
  11. 10Device and Documentation Support
    1. 10.1 Device Nomenclature
      1. 10.1.1 Standard Package Symbolization
      2. 10.1.2 Device Naming Convention
    2. 10.2 Tools and Software
    3. 10.3 サポート・リソース
    4. 10.4 Trademarks
    5. 10.5 静電気放電に関する注意事項
    6. 10.6 用語集
  12. 11Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information
    1. 11.1 Packaging Information

パッケージ・オプション

デバイスごとのパッケージ図は、PDF版データシートをご参照ください。

メカニカル・データ（パッケージ｜ピン）
  • ALY|1414
サーマルパッド・メカニカル・データ
発注情報

Table 6-5 DDRSS0 Signal Descriptions
SIGNAL NAME [1] ((5))PIN TYPE [2]DESCRIPTION [3]ALY PIN [4]
DDR0_CKNIODDRSS Differential Clock (negative)AB2
DDR0_CKPIODDRSS Differential Clock (positive)AC1
DDR0_RESETnIODDRSS Reset AD5
DDR0_RETIDDR Retention EnableAC8
DDR0_CA0IODDRSS Command Address AD2
DDR0_CA1IODDRSS Command Address AC5
DDR0_CA2IODDRSS Command Address AB4
DDR0_CA3IODDRSS Command Address AC4
DDR0_CA4IODDRSS Command Address AB3
DDR0_CA5IODDRSS Command Address AC3
DDR0_CAL0 (1)AIO Pad Calibration ResistorAE8
DDR0_CKE0IODDRSS Clock EnableAB6
DDR0_CKE1IODDRSS Clock EnableAD3
DDR0_CSn0_0IODDRSS Chip SelectAD7
DDR0_CSn0_1IODDRSS Chip SelectAC7
DDR0_CSn1_0IODDRSS Chip SelectAB7
DDR0_CSn1_1IODDRSS Chip SelectAD6
DDR0_DM0IODDRSS Data MaskV3
DDR0_DM1IODDRSS Data MaskAA4
DDR0_DM2IODDRSS Data MaskAG2
DDR0_DM3IODDRSS Data MaskAJ5
DDR0_DQ0IODDRSS Data U2
DDR0_DQ1IODDRSS Data U4
DDR0_DQ2IODDRSS Data W6
DDR0_DQ3IODDRSS Data W5
DDR0_DQ4IODDRSS Data V4
DDR0_DQ5IODDRSS Data V7
DDR0_DQ6IODDRSS Data U5
DDR0_DQ7IODDRSS Data V6
DDR0_DQ8IODDRSS Data Y2
DDR0_DQ9IODDRSS Data W3
DDR0_DQ10IODDRSS Data AA3
DDR0_DQ11IODDRSS Data W2
DDR0_DQ12IODDRSS Data AA6
DDR0_DQ13IODDRSS Data Y4
DDR0_DQ14IODDRSS Data Y5
DDR0_DQ15IODDRSS Data AA7
DDR0_DQ16IODDRSS Data AF2
DDR0_DQ17IODDRSS Data AE7
DDR0_DQ18IODDRSS Data AG3
DDR0_DQ19IODDRSS Data AF5
DDR0_DQ20IODDRSS Data AE6
DDR0_DQ21IODDRSS Data AF4
DDR0_DQ22IODDRSS Data AE3
DDR0_DQ23IODDRSS Data AE4
DDR0_DQ24IODDRSS Data AG5
DDR0_DQ25IODDRSS Data AH3
DDR0_DQ26IODDRSS Data AJ2
DDR0_DQ27IODDRSS Data AH4
DDR0_DQ28IODDRSS Data AJ4
DDR0_DQ29IODDRSS Data AH6
DDR0_DQ30IODDRSS Data AH7
DDR0_DQ31IODDRSS Data AG6
DDR0_DQS0NIODDRSS Complimentary Data StrobeV1
DDR0_DQS0PIODDRSS Data StrobeU1
DDR0_DQS1NIODDRSS Complimentary Data StrobeY1
DDR0_DQS1PIODDRSS Data StrobeAA1
DDR0_DQS2NIODDRSS Complimentary Data StrobeAE1
DDR0_DQS2PIODDRSS Data StrobeAF1
DDR0_DQS3NIODDRSS Complimentary Data StrobeAH1
DDR0_DQS3PIODDRSS Data StrobeAJ1
(1) An external 240 Ω ±1% resistor must be connected between this pin and VSS. No external voltage should be applied to this pin.
(5) DDRSS0, DDRSS1, DDRSS2, and DDRSS3 must always be used in incremental order. For instance, when using a single LPDDR component, it must be connected to the DDR0_* interface. When using two LPDDR components, they must be connected to DDR0_* and DDR1_* interfaces, and so forth.