JAJSEL2D January 2018 – December 2019 TPS25221
PRODUCTION DATA.
During normal operation, the TPS25221 load current is less than the current-limit threshold and the device is not limiting current. During normal operation the N-channel MOSFET is fully enhanced, and VOUT = VIN - (IOUT x rDS(on)). The voltage drop across the MOSFET is relatively small compared to VIN, and VOUT is approximately equal to VIN.
The TPS25221 limits current to the programmed current-limit threshold, set by RILIM, reducing gate drive to the internal NFET, which increases Rds(on) and reduces load current. This allows the device to effectively regulate the current to the current-limit threshold. Increasing the resistance of the MOSFET means that the voltage drop across the device is no longer negligible (VIN ≠ VOUT), and VOUT decreases. The amount that VOUT decreases is proportional to the magnitude of the overload condition. The expected VOUT can be calculated by:
where
For example, if IOS is programmed to 1 A and a 1 Ω overload condition is applied, the resulting VOUT is 1 V.
While in current limit the power dissipation in the package can raise the die temperature above the thermal shutdown threshold (145°C typical), and the device turns off until the die temperature decreases by the hysteresis of the thermal shutdown circuit (20°C typical). The device then turns on and continues to thermal cycle until the overload condition is removed.