SLVS631C December   2005  – May 2015 TPS51117

PRODUCTION DATA.  

  1. Features
  2. Applications
  3. Description
  4. Revision History
  5. Pin Configuration and Functions
  6. Specifications
    1. 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 6.2 Recommended Operating Conditions
    3. 6.3 Electrical Characteristics
    4. 6.4 Typical Characteristics
  7. Detailed Description
    1. 7.1 Overview
    2. 7.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 7.3 Feature Description
      1. 7.3.1  PWM Frequency and Adaptive On-Time Control
      2. 7.3.2  Low-Side Driver
      3. 7.3.3  High-Side Driver
      4. 7.3.4  Soft-Start
      5. 7.3.5  Powergood
      6. 7.3.6  Output Discharge Control (Soft-Stop)
      7. 7.3.7  Overcurrent Limit
      8. 7.3.8  Negative Overcurrent Limit (PWM-Only Mode)
      9. 7.3.9  Overvoltage Protection
      10. 7.3.10 Undervoltage Protection
      11. 7.3.11 Start-Up Sequence
      12. 7.3.12 UVLO Protection
      13. 7.3.13 Thermal Shutdown
    4. 7.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 7.4.1 PWM Operation
      2. 7.4.2 Light-Load Condition With Auto-Skip Function
  8. Application and Implementation
    1. 8.1 Application Information
    2. 8.2 Typical Application
      1. 8.2.1 Design Requirements
      2. 8.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        1. 8.2.2.1 D-CAP Mode Operation
      3. 8.2.3 Application Curves
    3. 8.3 System Examples
  9. Power Supply Recommendations
  10. 10Layout
    1. 10.1 Layout Guidelines
    2. 10.2 Layout Example
    3. 10.3 Thermal Considerations
  11. 11Device and Documentation Support
    1. 11.1 Device Support
      1. 11.1.1 Third-Party Products Disclaimer
    2. 11.2 Community Resources
    3. 11.3 Trademarks
    4. 11.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    5. 11.5 Glossary
  12. 12Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

パッケージ・オプション

デバイスごとのパッケージ図は、PDF版データシートをご参照ください。

メカニカル・データ(パッケージ|ピン)
  • RGY|14
  • PW|14
サーマルパッド・メカニカル・データ
発注情報

8 Application and Implementation

NOTE

Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality.

8.1 Application Information

The TPS51117 is a cost-effective, synchronous buck controller for POL voltage regulation in notebook PC applications. The controller is dedicated for Adaptive On-Time D-CAP Mode operation. Use the following design procedure to select component values for each device.

8.2 Typical Application

A buck converter system using D-CAP Mode can be simplified as shown in Figure 21.

TPS51117 mod_dia_lvs631.gifFigure 21. Simplified Diagram of the Modulator

8.2.1 Design Requirements

For this design example, use Table 1 as the input parameters.

Table 1. Design Parameters

DESIGN PARAMETER EXAMPLE VALUE
Input Voltage Range 1.8 V to 28 V
Output Voltage 1.05 V
Output Current Rating 10 A

8.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure

8.2.2.1 D-CAP Mode Operation

The VFB voltage is compared with the internal reference voltage after the divider resistors. The PWM comparator determines the timing to turn on the top MOSFET. The gain and speed of the comparator is high enough to keep the voltage at the beginning of each on cycle (or the end of off cycle) substantially constant. The DC output voltage may have line regulation due to ripple amplitude that slightly increases as the input voltage increases.

For loop stability, the 0 dB frequency, f0, defined in Equation 6 must be lower than 1/4 of the switching frequency.

Equation 6. TPS51117 q6_fo_lvs631.gif

As f0 is determined solely by the output capacitor characteristics, loop stability of D-CAP Mode is determined by capacitor chemistry. For example, specialty polymer capacitors (SP-CAP) have Co in the order of several 100 μF and ESR in range of 10 mΩ. These values make f0 in the order of 100 kHz or less and the loop is stable. However, ceramic capacitors have f0 at more than 700 kHz, which is not suitable for this operational mode.

Although D-CAP Mode provides many advantages such as ease-of-use, minimum external component configuration, and extremely short response time, due to not employing an error amplifier in the loop, a sufficient feedback signal must be provided by an external circuit to reduce the jitter level. The required signal level is approximately 15 mV at the comparing point. This generates Vripple = (VOUT/0.75) × 15 mV at the output node. The output capacitor ESR should meet this requirement.

The external component selection is simple in D-CAP Mode:

  1. Determine the value of R1 and R2
  2. The recommended R2 value is 10 kΩ to 100 kΩ. Calculate R1 by Equation 7.

    Equation 7. TPS51117 q6_r1_lvs616.gif
  3. Choose RTON
  4. Switching frequency is usually determined by the overall view of the DC-DC converter design of: size, efficiency or cost, and mostly dictated by external component constraints such as the size of inductor and/or output capacitor. When an extremely low or high duty factor is expected, the minimum on-time or off-time also must be considered to satisfy the required duty factor. Once the switching frequency is decided, RTON can be determined by Equation 8 and Equation 9,

    Equation 8. TPS51117 q8_tonmax_lvs631.gif
    Equation 9. TPS51117 q9_rton_lvs631.gif
  5. Choose inductor
  6. A good starting point inductance value is where the ripple current is approximately 1/4 to 1/2 of the maximum output current.

    Equation 10. TPS51117 q10_l_lvs631.gif

    For applications that require fast transient response with minimum VOUT overshoot, consider a smaller inductance than above. The cost of a small inductance value is higher steady-state ripple, larger line regulation, and higher switching loss.

    The inductor also needs to have low DCR to achieve good efficiency, as well as enough room above peak inductor current before saturation. The peak inductor current can be estimated in Equation 11.

    Equation 11. TPS51117 q11_iind_lvs631.gif
  7. Choose output capacitor(s)
  8. Organic semiconductor capacitor(s) or specialty polymer capacitor(s) are recommended. Determine ESR to meet the required ripple voltage above. A quick approximation is shown in Equation 12.

    Equation 12. TPS51117 q12_esr_lvs631.gif
  9. Choose MOSFETs
  10. Loss-less current sensing and overcurrent protection of the TPS51117 is determined by RDS(on) of the low-side MOSFET. So, RDS(on) times the inductor current value at the overcurrent point should be in the range of 30 mV to 200 mV for the entire operational temperature range. Assuming a 20% guard band, RDS(on) in Equation 13 should satisfy the full temperature range.

    Equation 13. TPS51117 q13_30mv_lvs631.gif
  11. Choose Rtrip
  12. Once the low-side FET is decided, select an appropriate Rtrip value that provides Vtrip equal to RDS(on) times Ipeak.

  13. LPF for V5FILT
  14. To reject high-frequency noise and also secure safe start-up of the internal reference circuit, apply 1 μF of MLCC closely at the V5FILT pin with a 300-Ω resistor to create a LPF between +5-V supply and the pin.

  15. VBST capacitor, VBST diode
  16. Apply 0.1-μF MLCC between VBST and the LL node as the flying capacitor for the high-side FET driver. The TPS51117 has its own boost diode onboard between V5DRV and VBST. This is a PN junction diode and strong enough for most typical applications. However, in case efficiency has priority over cost, the designer may add a Schottky diode externally to improve gate drive voltage of the high-side FET. A Schottky diode has a higher leakage current, especially at high temperature, than a PN junction diode. A low-leakage diode should be selected in order to maintain VBST voltage during low-frequency operation in skip mode.

Table 2. Typical Application Circuit Components

SYMBOL SPECIFICATION MANUFACTURER PART NUMBER
C1A, C1B 470 μF, 2.5 V, 12 mΩ SANYO 2R5TPE470MC
C2 10 μF, 25 V, 2 pcs Murata GRM31CR61E106KA12B
L1 1.0 μH Vishay, Toko IHLP-5050, FDA1254-1R0M
Q1 30 V, 13 mΩ International Rectifier IRF7821
Q2 30 V, 5.8 mΩ International Rectifier IRF8113
R4 8.06 kΩ Std

8.2.3 Application Curves

TPS51117 startup_lvs631.gif
Figure 22. 2.5-V Start-Up Waveforms
TPS51117 shtdwn_lvs631.gif
Figure 23. 2.5-V Shutdown Waveforms

8.3 System Examples

TPS51117 app_vbat_lvs631.gifFigure 24. 1.05-V/10-A Application from VBAT (PW Package)
TPS51117 ap_rgy2_lvs631.gifFigure 25. 1.05-V/10-A Application from VBAT (RGY Package)