SPRAD67B December   2022  – September 2024 AM2431 , AM2432 , AM2434 , AM6411 , AM6412 , AM6421 , AM6422 , AM6441 , AM6442

 

  1.   1
  2.   Abstract
  3.   Trademarks
  4. 1 Introduction
    1. 1.1 Before Getting Started With the Custom Board Design
    2. 1.2 Processor Selection
      1. 1.2.1 Availability of Tightly Coupled Memory (TCM)
    3. 1.3 Technical Documentation
      1. 1.3.1 Updated EVM or SK Schematics With Design, Review, and CAD Notes Added
      2. 1.3.2 FAQs to Support Custom Board Design
    4. 1.4 Design Documentation
  5. 2 Block Diagram
    1. 2.1 Constructing the Block Diagram
    2. 2.2 Configuring the Boot Mode
    3. 2.3 Confirming PinMux (PinMux Configuration)
  6. 3 Power Supply
    1. 3.1 Power Supply Architecture
      1. 3.1.1 Integrated Power
      2. 3.1.2 Discrete Power
    2. 3.2 Power (Supply) Rails
      1. 3.2.1 Core Supply
      2. 3.2.2 Peripheral Power Supply
      3. 3.2.3 Dynamic Switching Dual-Voltage IO Supply LDO
      4. 3.2.4 Internal LDOs for IO Groups (Processor)
      5. 3.2.5 Dual-Voltage IOs (for Processor IO Groups)
      6. 3.2.6 VPP (eFuse ROM Programming) Supply
    3. 3.3 Determining Board Power Requirements
    4. 3.4 Power Supply Filters
    5. 3.5 Power Supply Decoupling and Bulk Capacitors
      1. 3.5.1 Note on PDN Target Impedance
    6. 3.6 Power Supply Sequencing
    7. 3.7 Supply Diagnostics
    8. 3.8 Power Supply Monitoring
  7. 4 Processor Clocking
    1. 4.1 Unused Clock Input
    2. 4.2 Processor External Clock Source
      1. 4.2.1 LVCMOS Digital Clock Source
      2. 4.2.2 Crystal Selection
    3. 4.3 Processor Clock Output
  8. 5 JTAG (Joint Test Action Group)
    1. 5.1 JTAG and Emulation
      1. 5.1.1 Configuration of JTAG and Emulation
        1. 5.1.1.1 AM64x
        2. 5.1.1.2 AM243x [ALV]
        3. 5.1.1.3 AM243x [ALX]
      2. 5.1.2 Implementation of JTAG and Emulation
      3. 5.1.3 Connection of JTAG Interface Signals
  9. 6 Configuration (Processor) and Initialization (Processor and Device)
    1. 6.1 Processor Reset
    2. 6.2 Latching of the Boot Mode Configuration
    3. 6.3 Resetting the Attached Devices
    4. 6.4 Watchdog Timer
  10. 7 Processor Peripherals
    1. 7.1 Selecting Peripherals Across Domains
    2. 7.2 Memory (DDRSS)
      1. 7.2.1 Processor DDR Subsystem and Device Register Configuration
      2. 7.2.2 Calibration Resistor Connection for DDRSS
      3. 7.2.3 Attached Memory Device ZQ and Reset_N Connection
    3. 7.3 Media and Data Storage Interfaces
    4. 7.4 Ethernet Interface
      1. 7.4.1 Common Platform Ethernet Switch 3-port Gigabit Ethernet (CPSW3G)
      2. 7.4.2 Programmable Real-Time Unit and Industrial Communication Subsystem - Gigabit (PRU_ICSSG)
    5. 7.5 Universal Serial Bus (USB) Subsystem
    6. 7.6 Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) Subsystem
    7. 7.7 General Connectivity Peripherals
    8. 7.8 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)
      1. 7.8.1 Change Summary of AM64x, AM243x SR2.0 ADC Errata
    9. 7.9 Connection of Processor Power Supply Pins, Unused Peripherals and IOs
      1. 7.9.1 External Interrupt (EXTINTn)
      2. 7.9.2 Reserved (RSVD) Pins
  11. 8 Interfacing of Processor IOs (LVCMOS or Open-Drain or Fail-Safe Type IO Buffers) and Simulations
    1. 8.1 AM64x
    2. 8.2 AM243x [ALV]
    3. 8.3 AM243x [ALX]
  12. 9 Processor Current Rating and Thermal Analysis
    1. 9.1 Power Estimation
    2. 9.2 Maximum Current Rating for Different Supply Rails
    3. 9.3 Power Modes
    4. 9.4 Thermal Design Guidelines
      1. 9.4.1 AM64x
      2. 9.4.2 AM243x [ALV]
      3. 9.4.3 AM243x [ALX]
      4. 9.4.4 VTM (Voltage Thermal Management Module)
  13. 10Schematics:- Design, Capture, Entry and Review
    1. 10.1 Selection of Components and Values
    2. 10.2 Schematic Design and Capture
    3. 10.3 Schematics Review
  14. 11Floor Planning, Layout, Routing Guidelines, Board Layers, and Simulation
    1. 11.1 Escape Routing for PCB Design
    2. 11.2 DDR Layout Guidelines
    3. 11.3 High-Speed Differential Signals Routing Guidance
    4. 11.4 Board Layer Count and Stack-up
      1. 11.4.1 Simulation Recommendations
    5. 11.5 Reference for Steps to be Followed for Running Memory Simulation
  15. 12Custom Board Assembly and Testing
    1. 12.1 Guidelines and Board Bring-up Tips
  16. 13Device Handling and Assembly
    1. 13.1 Soldering Recommendations
      1. 13.1.1 Additional References
  17. 14References
    1. 14.1 AM64x
    2. 14.2 AM243x
    3. 14.3 Common
  18. 15Terminology
  19. 16Revision History

2.2 Configuring the Boot Mode

It is recommended to indicate the configured boot mode in the block diagram. This includes the primary boot and the backup boot.

The processor family includes multiple peripheral interfaces that support boot mode. Refer the device-specific TRM for the available boot mode configuration and supported peripherals. The processor family supports a primary boot mode option and an optional backup boot mode option. If the primary boot source fails to boot, then the ROM moves on to the backup mode.

The boot mode resistors connected to the processor boot mode input pins provide information on the boot mode to be used by the ROM code during boot. The boot mode inputs are sampled at power-on-reset (PORz_OUT). The boot mode configuration inputs must be stable before releasing (deassertion) the cold reset (MCU_PORz).

Boot mode configurations provide the below information:

  • PLL Config: BOOTMODE [02:00] – Indicates the system clock (PLL reference clock selection) frequency (MCU_OSC0_XI/XO) to ROM code for PLL configuration
  • Primary Boot Mode: BOOTMODE [06:03] – Configure the required primary boot mode, that is, the peripheral or memory to boot from
  • Primary Boot Mode Config: BOOTMODE [09:07] – These pins provide optional configurations for primary boot and are used in conjunction with the boot mode selected
  • Backup Boot Mode: BOOTMODE [12:10] – Configure the required backup boot mode, that is, the peripheral or memory to boot from, in case the primary boot fails
  • Backup Boot Mode Config: BOOTMODE [13] – This pin provides additional configuration options (optional - depends on the selected backup boot mode) for the backup boot devices
  • Reserved: BOOTMODE [15:14] – Reserved pins

Key considerations for boot mode configuration:

  • It is recommended to always include a provision to configure boot modes used during development, such as USB boot, UART boot or no-boot, or Dev boot mode for JTAG debug.
  • Boot mode pins have alternate functions after latching of boot mode configuration. Ensure the board design takes this into account when choosing pullup or pulldown resistors for the boot mode pins. If these pins are driven by another device, they must return to the proper boot configuration levels whenever the processor is reset (indicated by the PORz_OUT pin) to enable the processor to boot properly.
  • Some boot mode pins functionalities are reserved. Any boot mode pins marked as Reserved or not used must not be left floating. It is recommended to pull the input high or low using a resistor. For details regarding connection of reserved boot mode pins, refer to the BOOTMODE Pin Mapping section of the Initialization chapter of the device-specific TRM.

For details regarding supported boot modes, refer to the Initialization chapter of the device-specific TRM.

Note:

The board designer is responsible for providing a provision to set the required boot mode configuration (using pullups or pulldowns, and optionally jumpers or switches and external ESD) depending on the required boot configuration. Provide a provision for pullup and pulldown for the boot mode pins that have configuration capability.

Shorting the boot mode pins together, leaving any of the boot mode pins unconnected, or shorting of the boot mode inputs directly to supply or ground is not allowed or recommended.

Note:

For updates related to supported boot modes and available boot mode functionality, see the device-specific silicon errata.

The following FAQ captures one of the boot mode implementation approaches when boot mode buffers are not used.

[FAQ] AM625 / AM623 / AM644x / AM243x / AM62A / AM62P - Bootmode implementation without buffers.