SPRADH9 June   2024 AM6442

 

  1.   1
  2.   Abstract
  3.   Trademarks
  4. 1Abbreviations
  5. 2Introduction
    1. 2.1 Peripheral Component Interconnect Express
      1. 2.1.1 Components of PCIe Communication
        1. 2.1.1.1 Root Complex
        2. 2.1.1.2 Repeater
        3. 2.1.1.3 Endpoints
      2. 2.1.2 Signaling
        1. 2.1.2.1 PERST
        2. 2.1.2.2 WAKE and CLKREQ
        3. 2.1.2.3 REFCLK
      3. 2.1.3 PCIe Common Usage
      4. 2.1.4 PCIe Aggregate Throughput
    2. 2.2 PCIe Features on AM64x and AM243x
  6. 3X86 as RC and AM64x as EP
    1. 3.1 Hardware Environment
    2. 3.2 Software Environment
      1. 3.2.1 Building Application
      2. 3.2.2 Usage
  7. 4Test Setup
    1. 4.1 Common Setup for LINUX and WIN
    2. 4.2 Linux Driver (VFIO)
      1. 4.2.1 Prerequisites
      2. 4.2.2 Building
      3. 4.2.3 Deploying
    3. 4.3 Test Application Usage
    4. 4.4 Setup Steps for LINUX PC
      1. 4.4.1 UART Console Output
    5. 4.5 MSI Example
    6. 4.6 Setup Steps for WINDOWS PC
      1. 4.6.1 Prerequisites
      2. 4.6.2 Building
      3. 4.6.3 Deploying
  8. 5PCIe Test Specification
    1. 5.1  Identification and Configuration Functionalities
      1. 5.1.1 Test Case
    2. 5.2  Reference Clock Functionalities
    3. 5.3  Inbound ATU and BAR Functionalities
    4. 5.4  Outbound ATU Functionalities
    5. 5.5  MSI Functionality
    6. 5.6  Downstream Interrupt Functionality
    7. 5.7  Device Power Management State Functionality
    8. 5.8  Function Level Reset Mechanism
    9. 5.9  Legacy Interrupt Mechanism
    10. 5.10 MSI-X Capability
    11. 5.11 Hot Reset Mechanism
  9. 6Windows Example Driver Verification
  10. 7References

2.1.3 PCIe Common Usage

  • Computer Hardware
    • Graphics Cards
      PCIe is the common motherboard interface for graphics cards. PCIe allows high-speed communication between the GPU and the remainder of the system.
    • Sound Cards
      Sound cards use PCIe slots for audio processing and output.
    • Storage Devices
      SSDs (Solid State Drives) connect through PCIe for fast data transfer.
    • Network Interface Cards (NICs)
      PCIe enables high-speed networking connections.
  • Industrial Systems
    • In industrial automation and control systems, PCIe is used for high-speed communication between sensors, actuators, and controllers.
    • Industrial PCs often rely on PCIe for expansion cards and peripherals.
  • Data Centers
    • Servers and storage systems in data centers use PCIe for connecting storage devices, network adapters, and accelerators (such as GPUs or FPGAs).
    • PCIe provides low-latency communication, essential for data center workloads.
  • Automotive Technology
    • Infotainment Systems
      PCIe interfaces are used for connecting multimedia components, such as displays, audio systems, and navigation units.
    • Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS)
      PCIe connects sensors, cameras, and processing units for real-time data processing.
  • Laptop and Mini-PCs
    • PCIe is used to connect built-in peripherals and add-in cards.
    • Mini PCIe uses the same topology and specifications as regular PCIe and is electrically compatible.
    • The now-common M.2 SSD interface also uses PCIe topology.