SBAS838A January   2018  – October 2018 ADS112U04

PRODUCTION DATA.  

  1. 1 Features
  2. 2 Applications
  3. 3 Description
    1.     Device Images
      1.      K-Type Thermocouple Measurement
  4. 4 Revision History
  5. 5 Pin Configuration and Functions
    1.     Pin Functions
  6. 6 Specifications
    1. 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 6.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 6.4 Thermal Information
    5. 6.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 6.6 UART Timing Requirements
    7. 6.7 UART Switching Characteristics
    8. 6.8 Typical Characteristics
  7. 7 Parameter Measurement Information
    1. 7.1 Noise Performance
  8. 8 Detailed Description
    1. 8.1 Overview
    2. 8.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 8.3 Feature Description
      1. 8.3.1  Multiplexer
      2. 8.3.2  Low-Noise Programmable Gain Stage
        1. 8.3.2.1 PGA Input Voltage Requirements
        2. 8.3.2.2 Bypassing the PGA
      3. 8.3.3  Voltage Reference
      4. 8.3.4  Modulator and Internal Oscillator
      5. 8.3.5  Digital Filter
      6. 8.3.6  Conversion Times
      7. 8.3.7  Excitation Current Sources
      8. 8.3.8  Sensor Detection
      9. 8.3.9  System Monitor
      10. 8.3.10 Temperature Sensor
        1. 8.3.10.1 Converting From Temperature to Digital Codes
          1. 8.3.10.1.1 For Positive Temperatures (For Example, 50°C):
          2. 8.3.10.1.2 For Negative Temperatures (For Example, –25°C):
        2. 8.3.10.2 Converting From Digital Codes to Temperature
      11. 8.3.11 Offset Calibration
      12. 8.3.12 Conversion Data Counter
      13. 8.3.13 Data Integrity
      14. 8.3.14 General-Purpose Digital Inputs/Outputs
    4. 8.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 8.4.1 Power-Up and Reset
        1. 8.4.1.1 Power-On Reset
        2. 8.4.1.2 RESET Pin
        3. 8.4.1.3 Reset by Command
      2. 8.4.2 Conversion Modes
        1. 8.4.2.1 Single-Shot Conversion Mode
        2. 8.4.2.2 Continuous Conversion Mode
      3. 8.4.3 Operating Modes
        1. 8.4.3.1 Normal Mode
        2. 8.4.3.2 Turbo Mode
        3. 8.4.3.3 Power-Down Mode
    5. 8.5 Programming
      1. 8.5.1 UART Interface
        1. 8.5.1.1 Receive (RX)
        2. 8.5.1.2 Transmit (TX)
        3. 8.5.1.3 Data Ready (DRDY)
        4. 8.5.1.4 Protocol
        5. 8.5.1.5 Timeout
      2. 8.5.2 Data Format
      3. 8.5.3 Commands
        1. 8.5.3.1 RESET (0000 011x)
        2. 8.5.3.2 START/SYNC (0000 100x)
        3. 8.5.3.3 POWERDOWN (0000 001x)
        4. 8.5.3.4 RDATA (0001 xxxx)
        5. 8.5.3.5 RREG (0010 rrrx)
        6. 8.5.3.6 WREG (0100 rrrx dddd dddd)
        7. 8.5.3.7 Command Latching
      4. 8.5.4 Reading Data
        1. 8.5.4.1 Manual Data Read Mode
        2. 8.5.4.2 Automatic Data Read Mode
      5. 8.5.5 Data Integrity
    6. 8.6 Register Map
      1. 8.6.1 Configuration Registers
      2. 8.6.2 Register Descriptions
        1. 8.6.2.1 Configuration Register 0 (address = 00h) [reset = 00h]
          1. Table 18. Configuration Register 0 Field Descriptions
        2. 8.6.2.2 Configuration Register 1 (address = 01h) [reset = 00h]
          1. Table 19. Configuration Register 1 Field Descriptions
        3. 8.6.2.3 Configuration Register 2 (address = 02h) [reset = 00h]
          1. Table 21. Configuration Register 2 Field Descriptions
        4. 8.6.2.4 Configuration Register 3 (address = 03h) [reset = 00h]
          1. Table 22. Configuration Register 3 Field Descriptions
        5. 8.6.2.5 Configuration Register 4 (address = 04h) [reset = 00h]
          1. Table 23. Configuration Register 4 Field Descriptions
  9. 9 Application and Implementation
    1. 9.1 Application Information
      1. 9.1.1 Interface Connections
      2. 9.1.2 Analog Input Filtering
      3. 9.1.3 External Reference and Ratiometric Measurements
      4. 9.1.4 Establishing Proper Limits on the Absolute Input Voltage
      5. 9.1.5 Unused Inputs and Outputs
      6. 9.1.6 Pseudo Code Example
    2. 9.2 Typical Applications
      1. 9.2.1 K-Type Thermocouple Measurement (–200°C to +1250°C)
        1. 9.2.1.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.1.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        3. 9.2.1.3 Application Curves
      2. 9.2.2 3-Wire RTD Measurement (–200°C to +850°C)
        1. 9.2.2.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
          1. 9.2.2.2.1 Design Variations for 2-Wire and 4-Wire RTD Measurements
        3. 9.2.2.3 Application Curves
      3. 9.2.3 Resistive Bridge Measurement
        1. 9.2.3.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.3.2 Detailed Design Procedure
  10. 10Power Supply Recommendations
    1. 10.1 Power-Supply Sequencing
    2. 10.2 Power-Supply Decoupling
  11. 11Layout
    1. 11.1 Layout Guidelines
    2. 11.2 Layout Example
  12. 12Device and Documentation Support
    1. 12.1 Documentation Support
      1. 12.1.1 Related Documentation
    2. 12.2 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates
    3. 12.3 Community Resources
    4. 12.4 Trademarks
    5. 12.5 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    6. 12.6 Glossary
  13. 13Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

9.1.2 Analog Input Filtering

Analog input filtering serves two purposes: first, to limit the effect of aliasing during the sampling process, and second, to reduce external noise from being a part of the measurement.

As with any sampled system, aliasing can occur if proper antialias filtering is not in place. Aliasing occurs when frequency components are present in the input signal that are higher than half the sampling frequency of the ADC (also known as the Nyquist frequency). These frequency components are folded back and show up in the actual frequency band of interest below half the sampling frequency. Inside a ΔΣ ADC, the input signal is sampled at the modulator frequency fMOD and not at the output data rate. Figure 75 shows that the filter response of the digital filter repeats at multiples of the sampling frequency (fMOD). Signals or noise up to a frequency where the filter response repeats are attenuated to a certain amount by the digital filter depending on the filter architecture. Any frequency components present in the input signal around the modulator frequency or multiples thereof are not attenuated and alias back into the band of interest, unless attenuated by an external analog filter.

ADS112U04 AliasingEffect_bas752.gifFigure 75. Effect of Aliasing

Many sensor signals are inherently band limited; for example, the output of a thermocouple has a limited rate of change. In this case the sensor signal does not alias back into the pass band when using a ΔΣ ADC. However, any noise pick-up along the sensor wiring or the application circuitry can potentially alias into the pass band. Power-line-cycle frequency and harmonics are one common noise source. External noise can also be generated from electromagnetic interference (EMI) or radio frequency interference (RFI) sources, such as nearby motors and cellular phones. Another noise source typically exists on the printed circuit board (PCB) itself in the form of clocks and other digital signals. Analog input filtering helps remove unwanted signals from affecting the measurement result.

A first-order resistor-capacitor (RC) filter is (in most cases) sufficient to either totally eliminate aliasing, or to reduce the effect of aliasing to a level within the noise floor of the sensor. Ideally, any signal beyond fMOD / 2 is attenuated to a level below the noise floor of the ADC. The digital filter of the ADS112U04 attenuates signals to a certain degree, as illustrated in the filter response plots in the Digital Filter section. In addition, noise components are usually smaller in magnitude than the actual sensor signal. Therefore, using a first-order RC filter with a cutoff frequency set at the output data rate or 10 times higher is generally a good starting point for a system design.

Internal to the device, prior to the PGA inputs, is an EMI filter; see Figure 46. The cutoff frequency of this filter is approximately 31.8 MHz, which helps reject high-frequency interferences.