SBAS844 May 2017 ADC32RF42
PRODUCTION DATA.
NOTE
Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality.
The steps in Table 116 are recommended as the power-up sequence when the ADC32RF42 is in bypass mode with a 12-bit output (LMFS = 42810).
STEP | DESCRIPTION | PAGE, REGISTER ADDRESS AND DATA | COMMENT |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Supply all supply voltages. There is no required power-supply sequence for the 1.15 V, 1.2 V, and 1.9 V supplies, and can be supplied in any order. | — | — |
2 | Provide the SYSREF signal. | — | — |
3 | Pulse a hardware reset (low-to-high-to-low) on pin 48. | — | — |
4 | Write the register addresses described in the PowerUpConfig file. | See the files located in SBAA226 | The Power-up config file contains analog trim registers that are required for best performance of the ADC. Write these registers every time after power up. |
5 | Write the register addresses mentioned in the ILConfigNyqX_ChA file, where x is the Nyquist zone. | See the files located in SBAA226 | Based on the signal band of interest, provide the Nyquist zone information to the device. |
6 | Write the register addresses mentioned in the ILConfigNyqX_ChB file, where x is the Nyquist zone. | See the files located in SBAA226 | This step optimizes device’ performance by reducing interleaving mismatch errors. |
6.1 | Wait for 50 ms for the device to estimate the interleaving errors. | — | — |
7 | Depending upon the Nyquist band of operation, choose and write the registers from the appropriate file, NLConfigNyqX_ChA, where x is the Nyquist zone. | See the files located in SBAA226 | Third-order nonlinearity of the device is optimized by this step for channel A. |
7.1 | Depending upon the Nyquist band of operation, choose and write the registers from the appropriate file, NLConfigNyqX_ChB, where x is the Nyquist zone. | See the files located in SBAA226 | Third-order nonlinearity of the device is optimized by this step for channel B. |
8 | Configure the JESD interface and DDC block by writing the registers mentioned in the DDC Config file. | See the files located in SBAA226 | Determine the DDC and JESD interface LMFS options. Program these options in this step. |
Figure 199 and Table 117 show timing information for the hardware reset.
MIN | TYP | MAX | UNIT | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
t1 | Power-on delay from power-up to active high RESET pulse | 1 | ms | ||
t2 | Reset pulse duration: active high RESET pulse duration | 1 | µs | ||
t3 | Register write delay from RESET disable to SEN active | 100 | ns |
The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the ADC is limited by three different factors, as shown in Equation 5: quantization noise, thermal noise, and jitter. The quantization noise is typically not noticeable in pipeline converters and is 84 dB for a 14-bit ADC. The thermal noise limits the SNR at low input frequencies and the clock jitter sets the SNR for higher input frequencies.
Equation 6 calculates the SNR limitation resulting from sample clock jitte:
The total clock jitter (TJitter) has two components: the internal aperture jitter (90 fS) is set by the noise of the clock input buffer and the external clock jitter. Use Equation 7 to calculate TJitter:
External clock jitter can be minimized by using high-quality clock sources and jitter cleaners as well as band-pass filters at the clock input. A faster clock slew rate also improves the ADC aperture jitter.
The ADC32RF42 has a thermal noise of approximately 63 dBFS and an internal aperture jitter of 90 fS. Figure 200 shows an SNR plot with various amounts of external jitter for different input frequencies.
Figure 201 shows how external clock jitter can be calculated by integrating the phase noise of the clock source out to approximately two times of the ADC sampling rate (2 × fS). In order to maximize the ADC SNR, an external band-pass filter is recommended to be used on the clock input. This filter reduces the jitter contribution from the broadband clock phase noise floor by effectively reducing the integration bandwidth to the pass band of the band-pass filter. This method is suitable when estimating the overall ADC SNR resulting from clock jitter at a certain input frequency.
However, as shown in Figure 202, when estimating the affect of a nearby blocker (such as a strong in-band interferer to the sensitivity), the phase noise information can be used directly to estimate the noise budget contribution at a certain offset frequency.
At the sampling instant, the phase noise profile of the clock source convolves with the input signal (for example, the small wanted signal and the strong interferer merge together). If the power of the clock phase noise in the signal band of interest is too large, the wanted signal cannot not be recovered.
The resulting equivalent phase noise at the ADC input is also dependent on the sampling rate of the ADC and frequency of the input signal. Equation 8 describes how the ADC sampling rate scales the clock phase noise.
Using this information, the noise contribution resulting from the phase noise profile of the ADC sampling clock can be calculated.
The ADC32RF42 consumes approximately 4.01 W of power when both channels are active with a 12-bit,
1.5-GSPS output and a DDC option is not used (bypass mode). When different DDC options are used, the power consumption on the DVDD supply changes by a small amount but remains unaffected on other supplies. In the applications requiring just one channel to be active, channel A must be chosen as the active channel and channel B can be powered down. Power consumption reduces to approximately 2.66 W in single-channel operation with a 12-bit, 1.5-GSPS output (bypass mode).
Table 118 shows power consumption in different DDC modes for dual-channel and single-channel operation.
DECIMATION OPTION | ACTIVE CHANNEL |
ACTIVE DDC | AVDD1P9 (mA) | AVDD1P2 (mA) | DVDD1P2 (mA) | TOTAL POWER (mW) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bypass mode | Channel A, B | NA | 1150 | 604 | 1000 | 4029.6 |
Divide-by-4 | Channel A, B | Single | 1150 | 604 | 1148 | 4199.8 |
Divide-by-8 | Channel A, B | Dual | 1142 | 602 | 1236 | 4283.5 |
Divide-by-8 | Channel A, B | Single | 1142 | 601 | 1025 | 4039.7 |
Divide-by-16 | Channel A, B | Dual | 1142 | 601 | 1000 | 4010.95 |
Divide-by-16 | Channel A, B | Single | 1142 | 599 | 984 | 3990.25 |
Bypass mode | Channel A | NA | 631 | 588 | 680 | 2657.1 |
Divide-by-4 | Channel A | Single | 630 | 570 | 738 | 2701.2 |
Divide-by-8 | Channel A | Dual | 627 | 568 | 806 | 2771.4 |
Divide-by-8 | Channel A | Single | 627 | 561 | 690 | 2629.95 |
Divide-by-16 | Channel A | Dual | 627 | 568 | 770 | 2730 |
Divide-by-16 | Channel A | Single | 627 | 561 | 669 | 2605.8 |
The ADC32RF42 can be used in dc-coupling applications. However, the following points must be considered when designing the system:
The analog inputs are internally self-biased to VCM through approximately a 33-Ω resistor. The internal biasing resistors also function as a termination resistor. However, if a different termination is required as shown in Figure 203, the external resistor RTERM can be differentially placed between the analog inputs. The amplifier VOCM pin is recommended to be driven from the CM pin of the ADC to help the amplifier output common-mode voltage track the required common-mode voltage of the ADC.
As shown in Figure 204, the ADC32RF42 has a digital block that estimates and corrects the offset mismatch among four interleaving ADC cores for a given channel.
The offset corrector block nullifies dc, fS / 8, fS / 4, 3 fS / 8, and fS / 2. The resulting spectrum becomes free from static spurs at these frequencies. The corrector continuously processes the data coming from the interleaving ADC cores and cannot distinguish if the tone at these frequencies is part of signal or if the tone originated from a mismatch among the interleaving ADC cores. Thus, in applications where the signal is present at these frequencies, the offset corrector block can be bypassed.
When the offset corrector is bypassed, offset mismatch among interleaving ADC cores appears in the ADC output spectrum. To correct the effects of mismatch, place the ADC in an idle channel state (no signal at the ADC inputs) and the corrector must be allowed to run for some time to estimate the mismatch, then the corrector is frozen so that the last estimated value is held. Table 119 provides the required register writes.
STEP | REGISTER WRITE | COMMENT |
---|---|---|
STEPS FOR FREEZING THE CORRECTOR BLOCK | ||
1 | — | Signal source is turned off. The device detects an idle channel at its input. |
2 | — | Wait for at least 0.4 ms for the corrector to estimate the internal offset |
3 | Address 4001h, value 00h | Select Offset Corr Page Channel A |
Address 4002h, value 00h | ||
Address 4003h, value 00h | ||
Address 4004h, value 61h | ||
Address 6068h, value C2h | Freeze the corrector for channel A | |
Address 4003h, value 01h | Select Offset Corr Page Channel B | |
Address 6068h, value C2h | Freeze the corrector for channel B | |
4 | — | Signal source can now be turned on |
STEPS FOR BYPASSING THE CORRECTOR BLOCK | ||
1 | Address 4001h, value 00h | — |
Address 4002h, value 00h | ||
Address 4003h, value 00h | ||
Address 4004h, value 61h | Select Offset Corr Page Channel A | |
Address 6068h, value 46h | Disable the corrector for channel A | |
Address 4003h, value 01h | Select Offset Corr Page Channel B | |
Address 6068h, value 46h | Disable the corrector for channel B |
Figure 205 and Figure 206 show the behavior of nfS / 8 tones with respect to temperature when the offset corrector block is frozen or disabled.
The ADC32RF42 is designed for wideband receiver applications demanding high dynamic range over a large input frequency range. Figure 207 shows a typical schematic for an ac-coupled receiver.
Decoupling capacitors with low ESL are recommended to be placed as close as possible at the pins indicated in Figure 207. Additional capacitors can be placed on the remaining power pins.
Typical applications involving transformer-coupled circuits are discussed in this section. To ensure good amplitude and phase balance at the analog inputs, transformers (such as TC1-1-13 and TC1-1-43) can be used from the dc to 1000-MHz range and from the 1000-MHz to 4-GHz range of input frequencies, respectively. When designing the driving circuits, the ADC input impedance (or SDD11) must be considered.
By using the simple drive circuit of Figure 208, uniform performance can be obtained over a wide frequency range. The buffers present at the analog inputs of the device help isolate the external drive source from the switching currents of the sampling circuit.
For optimum performance, the analog inputs must be driven differentially. This architecture improves common-mode noise immunity and even-order harmonic rejection. As shown in Figure 208, a small resistor (5 Ω to 10 Ω) in series with each input pin is recommended to damp out ringing caused by package parasitics.
Figure 209 and Figure 210 show the typical performance at 100 MHz and 1850 MHz, respectively.
SFDR = 73 dBc, SNR = 62.4 dBFS, SINAD = 62 dBFS, THD = 71 dBc, HD2 = –75 dBFS, HD3 = –78 dBFS, SFDR (non HD2, HD3) = 85 dBc, IL spur = 81 dBFS |
SFDR = 70 dBc, SNR = 60.8 dBFS, SINAD = 60 dBFS, THD = 69 dBc, HD2 = –72 dBFS, HD3 = –78 dBFS, SFDR (non HD2, HD3) = 81 dBc, IL spur = 82 dBFS |