SLAA638A august   2014  – may 2023 MSP430I2040 , MSP430I2041

 

  1.   1
  2.   Single Phase and DC Embedded Metering (Power Monitor) Using MSP430I2040
  3.   Trademarks
  4. 1 Introduction
    1. 1.1 Safety and Precautions
    2. 1.2 Features
  5. 2 Design Details
    1. 2.1 Block Diagram
    2. 2.2 Hardware Design
      1. 2.2.1 Interface Circuit
      2. 2.2.2 11
      3. 2.2.3 Shunt Resistor
      4. 2.2.4 Voltage Divider Circuit
      5. 2.2.5 Layout Consideration
      6. 2.2.6 Shunt Sensor Pad Design
    3. 2.3 Software Design
      1. 2.3.1 The Toolkit Package
      2. 2.3.2 Metrology Computation Engine
      3. 2.3.3 Background Process
      4. 2.3.4 Phase Correction
      5. 2.3.5 Frequency Measurement and Cycle Tracking
      6. 2.3.6 Cycle Tracking and Forground Process Triggering
      7. 2.3.7 Foreground Process
  6. 3 Calibration Techniques
    1. 3.1 Introduction
    2. 3.2 Calibration Techniques
      1. 3.2.1 Calibration Setup
        1. 3.2.1.1 Apparatus
        2. 3.2.1.2 Setup
    3. 3.3 Calibration Procedures
      1. 3.3.1 Calibration of AC and DC Parameters
      2. 3.3.2 Calibration of Compensation Resistance and Capacitance
      3. 3.3.3 Calibration of Current AC Offset
      4. 3.3.4 Calibration of Voltage AC Offset
      5. 3.3.5 Calibration of Phase Correction
      6. 3.3.6 Calibration of DC Parameters
  7. 4 Hardware Setup
    1. 4.1 Top View of the EVM
    2. 4.2 Bottom View of the EVM
    3. 4.3 Hardware Setup Procedures
      1. 4.3.1 Setting Up the Power Supply to EVM
      2. 4.3.2 Setting Up the Serial Communication Interface
      3. 4.3.3 Setting Up Line Input and Load Output
      4. 4.3.4 Setting Up the Debugging Interface
  8. 5 Calibrator Software
    1. 5.1 Software Package Content
    2. 5.2 Setting Up the PC Software Tool
      1. 5.2.1 Minimum System Requirement
      2. 5.2.2 Installing the Software
      3. 5.2.3 Configuring the Software
    3. 5.3 Instruments
  9. 6 Operating the PC Software Tool
    1. 6.1 Introduction
    2. 6.2 Start Using the EVM
    3. 6.3 Known Issues
  10. 7 Serial Communication Commands
    1. 7.1 Introduction
    2. 7.2 Communication Protocol
      1. 7.2.1 Polling Mode
        1. 7.2.1.1 Command and Respond Frame
    3. 7.3 Commands
      1. 7.3.1  HOST_CMD_GET_METER_NAME
        1. 7.3.1.1 Command Format
      2. 7.3.2  HOST_CMD_GET_METER_VER
        1. 7.3.2.1 Command Format
      3. 7.3.3  HOST_CMD_GET_METER_CONFIGURATION
        1. 7.3.3.1 Command Format
        2. 7.3.3.2 Parameter Definition
      4. 7.3.4  HOST_CMD_GET_RTC
        1. 7.3.4.1 Command Format
      5. 7.3.5  HOST_CMD_ALIGN_WITH_CALIBRATION_FACTORS
        1. 7.3.5.1 Command Format
      6. 7.3.6  HOST_CMD_SET_PASSWORD
        1. 7.3.6.1 Command Format
      7. 7.3.7  HOST_CMD_GET_READINGS_PHASE_N
        1. 7.3.7.1 Command Format
      8. 7.3.8  HOST_CMD_GET_EXTRA_READINGS_PHASE_N
        1. 7.3.8.1 Command Format
      9. 7.3.9  HOST_CMD_SUMCHECK_MEMORY
        1. 7.3.9.1 Command Format
      10. 7.3.10 HOST_CMD_CLEAR_CALIBRATION_DATA
        1. 7.3.10.1 Command Format
      11. 7.3.11 HOST_CMD_SET_CALIBRATION_PHASE_N
        1. 7.3.11.1 Command Format
      12. 7.3.12 HOST_CMD_GET_CALIBRATION_PHASE_N
        1. 7.3.12.1 Command Format
      13. 7.3.13 HOST_CMD_SET_CALIBRATION_EXTRAS
        1. 7.3.13.1 Command Format
      14. 7.3.14 HOST_CMD_GET_CALIBRATION_EXTRAS
        1. 7.3.14.1 Command Format
  11. 8 Firmware and Embedded Metering Library API
    1. 8.1 Introduction
    2. 8.2 Embedded Metering LIbrary API
      1. 8.2.1 Embedded Metering Library Function Calls
        1. 8.2.1.1 Functions for Metrology Engine Control
          1. 8.2.1.1.1 Functions for Metrology Engine Control
          2.        int metrology_init (void)
          3.        int metrology_init_from_nv_data (void)
          4.        void align_metrology_with_calibration_data (void)
          5.        void metrology_switch_to_normal_mode (void)
          6.        void metrology_init_analog_front_end_normal_mode (void)
          7.        void metrology_disable_analog_front_end (void)
        2. 8.2.1.2 Procedure for Metrology Engine Initialization
        3. 8.2.1.3 Functions for Calculate and Reading the Readings
          1. 8.2.1.3.1 Functions for Calculate and Reading the Readings
          2.        power_t calculate_phase_readings (void
          3.        power_t active_power (int ph)
          4.        power_t reactive_power (int ph)
          5.        power_t apparent_power (int ph)
          6.        power_t fundamental_active_power(int ph)
          7.        power_t fundamental_reactive_power(int ph)
          8.        power_factor_t power_factor (int ph)
          9.        rms_voltage_t rms_voltage (int ph)
          10.        rms_voltage_t fundamental_rms_voltage(int ph)
          11.        thd_t voltage_thd(int ph)
          12.        rms_current_t rms_current (int ph)
          13.        rms_current_t fundamental_rms_current(int ph)
          14.        thd_t current_thd(int ph)
          15.        int16_t mains_frequency (int ph)
          16.        uint16_t phase_status (int ph)
      2. 8.2.2 Embedded Metering LIbrary Callbacks
      3. 8.2.3 Application Level Calibration Functions
        1. 8.2.3.1 Functions for Reading and Writing Calibration Parameters
          1. 8.2.3.1.1 Functions for Reading and Writing Calibration Parameters
          2.        int get_calibration_status (void)
          3.        void set_calibration_status (int value)
          4.        int clear_calibration_data (void)
          5.        int16_t get_temperature_intercept (void)
          6.        int16_t get_temperature_slope (void)
          7.        void set_temperature_parameters (int16_t temperature_at_calibration, int16_t temperature_sensor_intercept, int16_t temperature_sensor_slope)
          8.        calibration_scaling_factor_t get_P_scaling (int phx)
          9.        void set_P_scaling (int phx, calibration_scaling_factor_t value)
          10.        calibration_scaling_factor_t get_V_rms_scaling (int phx)
          11.        void set_V_rms_scaling (int phx, calibration_scaling_factor_t value)
          12.        int16_t get_v_dc_estimate (int phx)
          13.        int16_t get_initial_v_dc_estimate (int phx)
          14.        void set_v_dc_estimate (int phx, int16_t value)
          15.        int32_t get_v_ac_offset (int phx)
          16.        void set_v_ac_offset (int phx, int32_t value)
          17.        calibration_scaling_factor_t get_I_rms_scaling(int phx);
          18.        void set_I_rms_scaling(int phx, calibration_scaling_factor_t value);
          19.        int32_t get_i_dc_estimate(int phx);
          20.        int32_t get_initial_i_dc_estimate(int phx)
          21.        void set_i_dc_estimate(int phx, int32_t value);
          22.        int32_t get_i_ac_estimate(int phx);
          23.        void set_i_ac_offset (int phx, int32_t value)
          24.        uint16_t get_compensate_capacitor_value (int phx)
          25.        void set_compensate_capacitor_value (int phx, uint16_t value)
          26.        uint16_t get_compensate_resistance (int phx)
          27.        void set_compensate_resistance (int phx, uint16_t value)
          28.        int16_t get_phase_corr (int phx)
          29.        void set_phase_corr (int phx, int16_t value)
      4. 8.2.4 Setting Default Calibration Parameters
  12. 9 Example Application Code
    1. 9.1 Introduction
    2. 9.2 Preparing the Application Code to Run
    3. 9.3 Downloading Without an IAR License
  13. 10Hardware Design Files
    1. 10.1 PACKAGE
    2. 10.2 Schematic
  14. 11EVM Specification and Performance
    1. 11.1 EVM Specifiction
  15. 12Running on MSP430i2040 and MSP430i2041
    1. 12.1 164
  16. 13Revision History

2.3.2 Metrology Computation Engine

Three Sigma-Delta ADC on the MCU are used in this design: one for voltage measurement, one for current measurement, and the other one connects to the built-in temperature sensor for temperature measurement. The Sigma-Delta ADC is running at approximately 1.024 MHz modulator frequency fixed by the hardware, the sample frequency is derived from the modulator frequency divided by 128 equals 8 kHz that give us Nyquist bandwidth of 4 kHz. This bandwidth is sufficient to cover the 66th harmonic for 60Hz AC, 80th harmonic for 50Hz AC frequency as wider bandwidth is usually needed for server power monitoring due to the nature of the switching power supplies being monitored.

The background processing performs its actions in a time critical loop, which is triggered by the ADC at the sample rate. It is running in the interrupt services routine of the ADC and is processed automatically. It performs the actual sample computation based on the information collected from the voltage and current ADC channels. Hand over the less time critical process to foreground processing.

The foreground processing is triggered by the completion of background processing at the reporting and update rate. Background process sets a flag PHASE_STATUS_NEW_LOG in variable phase_state to indicate there is data ready to be processed by the foreground process. The application then needs to monitor this flag to trigger the foreground process by calling to calculate_phase_readings ().

In the actual computation, the following formulas are used in the metrology computation:

Equation 2. GUID-517E81C9-EE1A-42EB-965C-09799A5C75C4-low.gif
Equation 3. GUID-730481A0-CD62-40C1-9BBA-40329B72F155-low.gif
Equation 4. GUID-07CA057A-66E5-40FF-96EB-CF21A6C6A94F-low.gif
Equation 5. GUID-22C46E71-FCA0-4FC3-AAFD-19423AA41049-low.gif
Equation 6. GUID-AB40C732-6EC2-40EE-A57A-19D6344859FD-low.gif
Equation 7. GUID-68B3CA8D-0BAB-425D-A3E4-8A1196DFFABD-low.gif
Equation 8. GUID-B1C4DAF1-4B9D-4BA7-ABF0-E63CD17ECDE9-low.gif
Equation 9. GUID-BD58817E-5541-4893-B4CB-931798E6B608-low.gif
Equation 10. GUID-1C7A6B8B-CF15-4E52-B424-5C73823DCB8C-low.gif
Equation 11. GUID-0F4F9397-EA3E-44E4-84F4-A1045DDB0034-low.gif
Equation 12. GUID-976DD859-2E8F-45ED-9FD2-521E8681CD9D-low.gif
Equation 13. GUID-5A20E94B-1F59-4FEE-BF37-FBA2C4E71760-low.gif