SLUUCO9A April   2023  – November 2023 BQ28Z620

 

  1.   1
  2.   Read This First
    1.     About This Manual
    2.     Notational Conventions
    3.     Trademarks
    4.     Glossary
  3. 1 Introduction
  4. 2 BQ28Z620 Change List
    1. 2.1 Auto Ship Time
    2. 2.2 Safety Cell UnderVoltage Permanent Fail
    3. 2.3 OCV Reading Before FETs Enabled
    4. 2.4 SOH Calculation Based on the Battery Specification
    5. 2.5 Sync Filtered and Unfiltered Data when OCV Taken
    6. 2.6 Additional Changes
  5. 3 Protections
    1. 3.1  Introduction
    2. 3.2  Cell Undervoltage Protection
    3. 3.3  Cell Overvoltage Protection
    4. 3.4  Overcurrent in Charge Protection
    5. 3.5  Overcurrent in Discharge Protection
    6. 3.6  Hardware-Based Protection
      1. 3.6.1 Overload in Discharge Protection
      2. 3.6.2 Short Circuit in Charge Protection
      3. 3.6.3 Short Circuit in Discharge Protection
    7. 3.7  Temperature Protections
    8. 3.8  Overtemperature in Charge Protection
    9. 3.9  Overtemperature in Discharge Protection
    10. 3.10 Undertemperature in Charge Protection
    11. 3.11 Undertemperature in Discharge Protection
    12. 3.12 Precharge Timeout Protection
    13. 3.13 Fast Charge Timeout Protection
  6. 4 Permanent Fail
    1. 4.1 Introduction
    2. 4.2 Safety Cell Undervoltage Permanent Fail
      1. 4.2.1 SUV Check Option
    3. 4.3 Safety Cell Overvoltage Permanent Fail
    4. 4.4 Voltage Imbalance at Rest Permanent Fail
    5. 4.5 Voltage Imbalance Active Permanent Fail
    6. 4.6 Charge FET Permanent Failure
      1. 4.6.1 Description
      2. 4.6.2 Feature Enable/Disable
    7. 4.7 Discharge FET Permanent Failure
      1. 4.7.1 Description
      2. 4.7.2 Feature Enable/Disable
    8. 4.8 Instruction Flash (IF) Checksum Permanent Fail
    9. 4.9 Data Flash (DF) Permanent Fail
  7. 5 Advanced Charge Algorithm
    1. 5.1  Introduction
    2. 5.2  Charge Temperature Ranges
    3. 5.3  Voltage Range
    4. 5.4  Charging Current
    5. 5.5  Charging Voltage
    6. 5.6  Valid Charge Termination
    7. 5.7  Charge and Discharge Alarms
    8. 5.8  Terminate Charge and Discharge Alarms
    9. 5.9  Precharge
    10. 5.10 Maintenance Charge
    11. 5.11 BROADCAST Mode
    12. 5.12 Charge Disable and Discharge Disable
    13. 5.13 Charge Inhibit
    14. 5.14 Charge Suspend
  8. 6 Power Modes
    1. 6.1 Introduction
    2. 6.2 NORMAL Mode
    3. 6.3 SLEEP Mode
      1. 6.3.1 Device Sleep
      2. 6.3.2 IN SYSTEM SLEEP Mode
      3. 6.3.3 MACSubcmd() MAC Sleep
      4. 6.3.4 Wake Function
    4. 6.4 SHUTDOWN Mode
      1. 6.4.1 Voltage Based Shutdown
      2. 6.4.2 MACSubcmd() MAC Shutdown
      3. 6.4.3 Time Based Shutdown
      4. 6.4.4 Emergency FET Shutdown
        1. 6.4.4.1 Exiting Emergency FET Shutdown
  9. 7 Power Modes
    1. 7.1 Introduction
    2. 7.2 NORMAL Mode
    3. 7.3 SLEEP Mode
      1. 7.3.1 Device Sleep
      2. 7.3.2 IN SYSTEM SLEEP Mode
      3. 7.3.3 MACSubcmd() MAC Sleep
      4. 7.3.4 Wake Function
    4. 7.4 SHUTDOWN Mode
      1. 7.4.1 Voltage Based Shutdown
      2. 7.4.2 MACSubcmd() MAC Shutdown
      3. 7.4.3 Time Based Shutdown
      4. 7.4.4 Emergency FET Shutdown
        1. 7.4.4.1 Exiting Emergency FET Shutdown
  10. 8 Gauging
    1. 8.1 Introduction
    2. 8.2 Impedance Track Configuration
    3. 8.3 Gas Gauge Modes
    4. 8.4 QMax and Ra
      1. 8.4.1 QMax Initial Values
      2. 8.4.2 QMax Update Conditions
      3. 8.4.3 Fast QMax Update Conditions
      4. 8.4.4 QMax and Fast QMax Update Boundary Check
      5. 8.4.5 Ra Table Initial Values
      6. 8.4.6 Ra Table Update Conditions
    5. 8.5 FullChargeCapacity (FCC), RemainingCapacity (RemCap), and RelativeStateOfCharge (RSOC)
    6. 8.6 Impedance Track (IT) Configuration Options
    7. 8.7 State-of-Health (SOH)
  11. 9 Cell Balancing
    1. 9.1 Introduction
    2. 9.2 Cell Balancing Setup
    3. 9.3 Cell Balancing Operation
  12. 10Lifetime Data Collection
    1. 10.1 Description
  13. 11Device Security
    1. 11.1 Description
    2. 11.2 SHA-1 Description
    3. 11.3 HMAC Description
    4. 11.4 Authentication
    5. 11.5 Security Modes
      1. 11.5.1 SEALING and UNSEALING Data Flash
      2. 11.5.2 SEALED to UNSEALED
      3. 11.5.3 UNSEALED to FULL ACCESS
  14. 12Manufacture Production
    1. 12.1 Manufacture Testing
    2. 12.2 Calibration
  15. 13Calibration
    1. 13.1 Cell Voltage Calibration
    2. 13.2 VC2 (BAT) Voltage Calibration
    3. 13.3 PACK Voltage Calibration
    4. 13.4 Current Calibration
      1. 13.4.1 CC Offset Calibration
      2. 13.4.2 Board Offset Calibration
      3. 13.4.3 CC Gain/Capacity Gain Calibration
    5. 13.5 Temperature Calibration
      1. 13.5.1 Internal Temperature Sensor Calibration
      2. 13.5.2 TS1 Calibration
  16. 14I2C Commands
    1. 14.1 Standard Data Commands
      1. 14.1.1  0x00/01 ManufacturerAccess() andControlStatus()
      2. 14.1.2  0x02/03 AtRate()
      3. 14.1.3  0x04/05 AtRateTimeToEmpty()
      4. 14.1.4  0x06/07 Temperature()
      5. 14.1.5  0x08/09 Voltage()
      6. 14.1.6  0x0A/0B BatteryStatus()
      7. 14.1.7  0x0C/0D Current()
      8. 14.1.8  0x0E/0F MaxError()
      9. 14.1.9  0x10/11 RemainingCapacity()
      10. 14.1.10 0x12/13 FullChargeCapacity()
      11. 14.1.11 0x14/15 AverageCurrent()
      12. 14.1.12 0x16/17 AverageTimeToEmpty()
      13. 14.1.13 0x18/19 AverageTimeToFull()
      14. 14.1.14 0x1A/1B StandbyCurrent()
      15. 14.1.15 0x1C/1D StandbyTimeToEmpty()
      16. 14.1.16 0x1E/1F MaxLoadCurrent()
      17. 14.1.17 0x20/21 MaxLoadTimeToEmpty()
      18. 14.1.18 0x22/23 AveragePower()
      19. 14.1.19 0x28/29 InternalTemperature()
      20. 14.1.20 0x2A/2B CycleCount()
      21. 14.1.21 0x2C/2D RelativeStateOfCharge()
      22. 14.1.22 0x2E/2F State-of-Health (SOH)
      23. 14.1.23 0x30/31 ChargingVoltage()
      24. 14.1.24 0x32/33 ChargingCurrent()
      25. 14.1.25 0x3C/3D DesignCapacity()
      26. 14.1.26 0x3E/3F MACSubcmd()
      27. 14.1.27 0x40/0x5F MACData()
      28. 14.1.28 0x60 MACDataChecksum()
      29. 14.1.29 0x61 MACDataLength()
    2. 14.2 Manufacturer Access Control (MAC)
      1. 14.2.1  MACSubcmd() 0x0001 Device Type
      2. 14.2.2  MACSubcmd() 0x0002 Firmware Version
      3. 14.2.3  MACSubcmd() 0x0003 Hardware Version
      4. 14.2.4  MACSubcmd() 0x0004 Instruction Flash Signature
      5. 14.2.5  MACSubcmd() 0x0005 Static DF Signature
      6. 14.2.6  MACSubcmd() 0x0006 Chemical ID
      7. 14.2.7  MACSubcmd() 0x0007 Pre_MACWrite
      8. 14.2.8  MACSubcmd() 0x0008 Static Chem DF Signature
      9. 14.2.9  MACSubcmd() 0x0009 All DF Signature
      10. 14.2.10 MACSubcmd() 0x0010 SHUTDOWN Mode
      11. 14.2.11 MACSubcmd() 0x0011 SLEEP Mode
      12. 14.2.12 MACSubcmd() 0x0012 Device Reset
      13. 14.2.13 MACSubcmd() 0x001F CHG FET
      14. 14.2.14 MACSubcmd() 0x0020 DSG FET
      15. 14.2.15 MACSubcmd() 0x0021 Gauging
      16. 14.2.16 MACSubcmd() 0x0022 FET Control
      17. 14.2.17 MACSubcmd() 0x0023 Lifetime Data Collection
      18. 14.2.18 MACSubcmd() 0x0024 Permanent Failure
      19. 14.2.19 MACSubcmd() 0x0028 Lifetime Data Reset
      20. 14.2.20 MACSubcmd() 0x0029 Permanent Fail Data Reset
      21. 14.2.21 MACSubcmd() 0x002D CALIBRATION Mode
      22. 14.2.22 MACSubcmd() 0x0030 Seal Device
      23. 14.2.23 MACSubcmd() 0x0035 Security Keys
      24. 14.2.24 MACSubcmd() 0x0037 Authentication Key
      25. 14.2.25 MACSubcmd() 0x0041 Device Reset
      26. 14.2.26 MACSubcmd() 0x004A Device Name
      27. 14.2.27 MACSubcmd() 0x004B Device Chem
      28. 14.2.28 MACSubcmd() 0x004C Manufacturer Name
      29. 14.2.29 MACSubcmd() 0x004D Manufacture Date
      30. 14.2.30 MACSubcmd() 0x004E Serial Number
      31. 14.2.31 MACSubcmd() 0x0050 SafetyAlert
      32. 14.2.32 MACSubcmd() 0x0051 SafetyStatus
      33. 14.2.33 MACSubcmd() 0x0052 PFAlert
      34. 14.2.34 MACSubcmd() 0x0053 PFStatus
      35. 14.2.35 MACSubcmd() 0x0054 OperationStatus
      36. 14.2.36 MACSubcmd() 0x0055 ChargingStatus
      37. 14.2.37 MACSubcmd() 0x0056 GaugingStatus
      38. 14.2.38 MACSubcmd() 0x0057 ManufacturingStatus
      39. 14.2.39 MACSubcmd() 0x0058 AFE Register
      40. 14.2.40 MACSubcmd() 0x0060 Lifetime Data Block 1
      41. 14.2.41 MACSubcmd() 0x0070 ManufacturerInfo
      42. 14.2.42 MACSubcmd() 0x0071 DAStatus1
      43. 14.2.43 MACSubcmd() 0x0072 DAStatus2
      44. 14.2.44 MACSubcmd() 0x0073 ITStatus1
      45. 14.2.45 MACSubcmd() 0x0074 ITStatus2
      46. 14.2.46 MACSubcmd() 0x0075 ITStatus3
      47. 14.2.47 MACSubcmd() 0x0076 CB Status
      48. 14.2.48 MACSubcmd() 0x0077 State-of-Health
      49. 14.2.49 MACSubcmd() 0x0F00 ROM Mode
      50. 14.2.50 Data Flash Access() 0x4000–0x5FFF
      51. 14.2.51 MACSubcmd() 0xF080 Exit Calibration Output Mode
      52. 14.2.52 MACSubcmd() 0xF081 Output CC and ADC for Calibration
      53. 14.2.53 MACSubcmd() 0xF082 Output Shorted CC and ADC for Calibration
  17. 15Data Flash Values
    1. 15.1  Data Formats
      1. 15.1.1 Unsigned Integer
      2. 15.1.2 Integer
      3. 15.1.3 Floating Point
      4. 15.1.4 Hex
      5. 15.1.5 String
    2. 15.2  Calibration
      1. 15.2.1 Voltage
      2. 15.2.2 Current
      3. 15.2.3 Current Offset
      4. 15.2.4 Current Deadband
      5. 15.2.5 Temperature
      6. 15.2.6 Internal Temp Model
      7. 15.2.7 Cell Temp Model
    3. 15.3  Settings
      1. 15.3.1 Configuration
      2. 15.3.2 Charger
      3. 15.3.3 Protection
      4. 15.3.4 Permanent Failure
      5. 15.3.5 AFE
      6. 15.3.6 Manufacturing
    4. 15.4  Advanced Charging Algorithms
      1. 15.4.1  Temperature Ranges
      2. 15.4.2  Low Temp Charging
      3. 15.4.3  Standard Temp Charging
      4. 15.4.4  High Temp Charging
      5. 15.4.5  Rec Temp Charging
      6. 15.4.6  Pre-Charging
      7. 15.4.7  Maintenance Charging
      8. 15.4.8  Voltage Range
      9. 15.4.9  Termination Config
      10. 15.4.10 Cell Balancing Config
    5. 15.5  Power
      1. 15.5.1 Power
      2. 15.5.2 Shutdown
      3. 15.5.3 Sleep
      4. 15.5.4 Ship
      5. 15.5.5 PMPDRV
    6. 15.6  Gas Gauging
      1. 15.6.1  Standby
      2. 15.6.2  Max Load
      3. 15.6.3  Current Thresholds
      4. 15.6.4  Design
      5. 15.6.5  Cycle
      6. 15.6.6  FD
      7. 15.6.7  FC
      8. 15.6.8  TDA
      9. 15.6.9  TCA
      10. 15.6.10 State
      11. 15.6.11 IT Config
      12. 15.6.12 Condition Flag
      13. 15.6.13 SOH
      14. 15.6.14 Max Error
    7. 15.7  System Data
      1. 15.7.1 Manufacturer Data
      2. 15.7.2 Integrity
    8. 15.8  Configuration
      1. 15.8.1 Data
    9. 15.9  Lifetimes
      1. 15.9.1 Voltage
      2. 15.9.2 Current
      3. 15.9.3 Temperature
      4. 15.9.4 Safety Events
      5. 15.9.5 Power Events
    10. 15.10 Protections
      1. 15.10.1  CUV—Cell Undervoltage
      2. 15.10.2  COV—Cell Overvoltage
      3. 15.10.3  OCC—Overcurrent In Charge
      4. 15.10.4  OCD—Overcurrent In Discharge
      5. 15.10.5  AOLD—AFE Over Load In Discharge
      6. 15.10.6  ASCC—AFE Short Circuit in Charge
      7. 15.10.7  ASCD—AFE Short Circuit in Discharge
      8. 15.10.8  OTC—Overtemperature in Charge
      9. 15.10.9  OTD—Overtemperature in Discharge
      10. 15.10.10 UTC—Under Temperature in Charge
      11. 15.10.11 UTD—Under Temperature in Discharge
      12. 15.10.12 PTO—PRECHARGE Mode Time Out
      13. 15.10.13 CTO—FAST CHARGE Mode Time Out
    11. 15.11 Permanent Fail
      1. 15.11.1 SUV—Safety Cell Undervoltage
      2. 15.11.2 SOV—Safety Cell Overvoltage
      3. 15.11.3 VIMR—Voltage Imbalance at Rest
      4. 15.11.4 VIMA—Voltage Imbalance Active
    12. 15.12 PF Status
      1. 15.12.1 Device Status Data
      2. 15.12.2 Device Voltage Data
      3. 15.12.3 Device Current Data
      4. 15.12.4 Device Temperature Data
      5. 15.12.5 Device Gauging Data
      6. 15.12.6 AFE Registers
    13. 15.13 RA Table
      1. 15.13.1 R_a0
      2. 15.13.2 R_a1
      3. 15.13.3 R_a0x
      4. 15.13.4 R_a1x
  18. 16Data Flash Summary
    1. 16.1 Data Flash Table
  19.   A AFE Control Register
  20.   B AFE Threshold and Delay Settings
    1.     B.1 Overload in Discharge Protection (AOLD)
    2.     B.2 Short Circuit in Charge (ASCC)
    3.     B.3 Short Circuit in Discharge (ASCD1 and ASCD2)
  21.   C Revision History

9.1 Introduction

The BQ28Z620 can determine the chemical state-of-charge of each cell using the Impedance Track algorithm. The cell balancing algorithm used in the device decreases the differences in imbalanced cells in a fully charged state gradually, which prevents fully charged cells from becoming overcharged, causing excessive degradation. This increases overall pack energy by preventing premature charge termination.

The algorithm determines the amount of charge needed to fully charge each cell. There is a bypass FET in parallel with each cell connected to the gas gauge. The FET is enabled for each cell with a charge greater than the lowest charged cell to reduce charge current through those cells. Each FET is enabled for a precalculated time as calculated by the cell balancing algorithm. When any bypass FET is turned on, then the OperationStatus()[CB] flag is set; otherwise, the [CB] flag is cleared.

The gas gauge balances the cells by balancing the SOC difference. Thus, a field updated QMax (Update Status = 0E) is required prior to any attempt of Cell Balance Time calculation. This ensures the accurate SOC delta is calculated for the cell balancing operation. If QMax update has only occurred once (Update Status = 06), then the gauge will only attempt to calculate the Cell Balance Time if a fully charged state is reached, GaugingStatus()[FC] = 1.

Cell balancing is enabled if Settings:Balancing Configuration [CB] = 1. Cell balancing at rest can be enabled separately by setting Balancing Configuration [CBR] = 1. If Settings:Balancing Configuration [CB] = 0, both cell balancing at charging and at rest are disabled.

Cell balancing at rest can be configured by determining the data flash Min Start Balance Delta, Relax Balance Interval, and Min RSOC for Balancing. For the data flash setting descriptions, see Cell Balancing Config. The gas gauge balances cells by bypassing the energy. It is recommended to perform cell balancing at rest when there is capacity in the battery pack.