1 Introduction

Many systems require a mechanism to detect the mechanical position between a moving component in the system and a fixed component. Systems that only require a simple binary detection of position are often implemented by placing a magnet on the movable component and a Hall-effect switch on the fixed component (the base). An example of an open/close detection system is the mechanism in refrigerators that detect when the refrigerator’s door (the moving component) is open or closed, which determines when to turn ON or OFF the refrigerator light. In Figure 1-1, a magnet is placed on the moving refrigerator door and the Hall-effect switch is placed on a fixed PCB underneath the refrigerator base. In this example, it is assumed that the center of the magnet is directly above the sensing element of the Hall sensor when the refrigerator door is closed.

Figure 1-2 shows an example output graph of the TMAG5328 omnipolar Hall-effect switch. The device in Figure 1-2 is an omnipolar device, therefore the output responds to both positive and negative magnetic flux densities, which means the device responds the same regardless if the north or south pole of a magnet approaches the device. As the magnet approaches the Hall-effect switch, the magnitude of the sensed magnetic flux density increases. When the applied magnetic flux density exceeds the B_OP threshold, the device in Figure 1-2 outputs a low voltage. The output of the device in Figure 1-2 stays low until the magnetic flux density decreases to less than B_RP, and then the output drives a high voltage.