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  • TDC1000 Ultrasonic Sensing Analog Front End (AFE) for Level Sensing, Flow Sensing, Concentration Sensing, and Proximity Sensing Applications

    • SNAS648C October   2014  – February 2023 TDC1000

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  • TDC1000 Ultrasonic Sensing Analog Front End (AFE) for Level Sensing, Flow Sensing, Concentration Sensing, and Proximity Sensing Applications
  1. 1 Features
  2. 2 Applications
  3. 3 Description
  4. 4 Revision History
  5. 5 Pin Configuration and Functions
  6. 6 Specifications
    1. 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 6.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 6.4 Thermal Information (1)
    5. 6.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 6.6 Timing Requirements
    7. 6.7 Switching Characteristics
    8. 6.8 Typical Characteristics
  7. 7 Parameter Measurement Information
  8. 8 Detailed Description
    1. 8.1 Overview
    2. 8.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 8.3 Feature Description
      1. 8.3.1 Transmitter Signal Path
      2. 8.3.2 Receiver Signal Path
      3. 8.3.3 Low Noise Amplifier (LNA)
      4. 8.3.4 Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA)
      5. 8.3.5 Receiver Filters
      6. 8.3.6 Comparators for STOP Pulse Generation
        1. 8.3.6.1 Threshold Detector and DAC
        2. 8.3.6.2 Zero-Cross Detect Comparator
        3. 8.3.6.3 Event Manager
      7. 8.3.7 Common-Mode Buffer (VCOM)
      8. 8.3.8 Temperature Sensor
        1. 8.3.8.1 Temperature Measurement With Multiple RTDs
        2. 8.3.8.2 Temperature Measurement With a Single RTD
    4. 8.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 8.4.1 Time-of-Flight Measurement Mode
        1. 8.4.1.1 Mode 0
        2. 8.4.1.2 Mode 1
        3. 8.4.1.3 Mode 2
      2. 8.4.2 State Machine
      3. 8.4.3 TRANSMIT Operation
        1. 8.4.3.1 Transmission Pulse Count
        2. 8.4.3.2 TX 180° Pulse Shift
        3. 8.4.3.3 Transmitter Damping
      4. 8.4.4 RECEIVE Operation
        1. 8.4.4.1 Single Echo Receive Mode
        2. 8.4.4.2 Multiple Echo Receive Mode
      5. 8.4.5 Timing
        1. 8.4.5.1 Timing Control and Frequency Scaling (CLKIN)
        2. 8.4.5.2 TX/RX Measurement Sequencing and Timing
      6. 8.4.6 Time-of-Flight (TOF) Control
        1. 8.4.6.1 Short TOF Measurement
        2. 8.4.6.2 Standard TOF Measurement
        3. 8.4.6.3 Standard TOF Measurement With Power Blanking
        4. 8.4.6.4 Common-Mode Reference Settling Time
        5. 8.4.6.5 TOF Measurement Interval
      7. 8.4.7 Averaging and Channel Selection
      8. 8.4.8 Error Reporting
    5. 8.5 Programming
      1. 8.5.1 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
        1. 8.5.1.1 Chip Select Bar (CSB)
        2. 8.5.1.2 Serial Clock (SCLK)
        3. 8.5.1.3 Serial Data Input (SDI)
        4. 8.5.1.4 Serial Data Output (SDO)
    6. 8.6 Register Maps
  9. 9 Application and Implementation
    1. 9.1 Application Information
    2. 9.2 Typical Applications
      1. 9.2.1 Level and Fluid Identification Measurements
        1. 9.2.1.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.1.2 Detailed Design Procedure
          1. 9.2.1.2.1 Level Measurements
          2. 9.2.1.2.2 Fluid Identification
        3. 9.2.1.3 Application Curves
      2. 9.2.2 Water Flow Metering
        1. 9.2.2.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
          1. 9.2.2.2.1 Regulations and Accuracy
          2. 9.2.2.2.2 Transit-Time in Ultrasonic Flow Meters
          3. 9.2.2.2.3 ΔTOF Accuracy Requirement Calculation
          4. 9.2.2.2.4 Operation
        3. 9.2.2.3 Application Curves
    3. 9.3 Power Supply Recommendations
    4. 9.4 Layout
      1. 9.4.1 Layout Guidelines
      2. 9.4.2 Layout Example
  10. 10Device and Documentation Support
    1. 10.1 Device Support
      1. 10.1.1 Development Support
    2. 10.2 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates
    3. 10.3 Support Resources
    4. 10.4 Trademarks
    5. 10.5 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    6. 10.6 Glossary
  11. 11Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information
  12. IMPORTANT NOTICE
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DATA SHEET

TDC1000 Ultrasonic Sensing Analog Front End (AFE) for Level Sensing, Flow Sensing, Concentration Sensing, and Proximity Sensing Applications

1 Features

  • Measurement range: up to 8 ms
  • Operating current: 1.8 µA (2 SPS)
  • Transmitter channels TX1/TX2:
    • Supports single or dual-transducer application
    • Programmable excitation: 31.25 kHz to 4 MHz, up to 31 pulses
  • Receiver channels RX1/RX2:
    • STOP cycle-to-cycle jitter: 50 psRMS
    • Low-noise and programmable gain amplifiers
    • Access to signal chain for external filter design
    • Programmable threshold comparator for echo qualification
    • Automatic channel swapping for differential Time-of-Flight (TOF) measurement
    • Programmable low power mode for long TOF measurements
  • Temperature measurement
    • Interface to two PT1000/500 RTDs
    • RTD-to-RTD matching accuracy 0.02°CRMS
  • Operating temperature range: –40°C to 125°C

2 Applications

  • Measurements through tanks of varying materials:
    • Fluid level
    • Fluid identification / concentration
  • Flow metering: water, gas, heat
  • Distance/proximity sensing

3 Description

The TDC1000 is a fully integrated analog front-end (AFE) for ultrasonic sensing measurements of level, fluid identification/concentration, and proximity/distance applications common in automotive, industrial, and consumer markets. When paired with an MSP430/C2000 MCU, power, wireless, and source code, TI provides the complete ultrasonic sensing solution.

TI's Ultrasonic AFE offers programmability and flexibility to accommodate a wide-range of applications and end equipment. The TDC1000 can be configured for multiple transmit pulses and frequencies, gain, and signal thresholds for use with a wide-range of transducer frequencies (31.25 kHz to 4 MHz) and Q-factors. Similarly, the programmability of the receive path allows ultrasonic waves to be detected over a wider range of distances/tank sizes and through various mediums.

Selecting different modes of operation, the TDC1000 can be optimized for low power consumption
for battery-powered flow meters,
level instrumentation, and distance/proximity measurements. The low noise amplifiers and comparators provide extremely low jitter, enabling picosecond resolution and accuracy for zero and low flow measurements.

Package Information(1)
PART NUMBERPACKAGEBODY SIZE (NOM)
TDC1000TSSOP (28)9.70 mm × 4.40 mm
(1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at the end of the data sheet.
GUID-1F7D9B72-00C7-4EB0-9EAC-97414B63ED92-low.png Ultrasonic Sensing Analog Front End (AFE) Example

4 Revision History

Changes from Revision B (August 2015) to Revision C (February 2023)

  • Moved the TDC1000-Q1 automotive part to a stand-alone data sheet (SNAS854) Go
  • Updated the numbering format for tables, figures, and cross-references throughout the documentGo
  • Changed all instances of legacy terminology to controller and peripheral where SPI is mentionedGo
  • Changed table title from: Device Information to: Package InformationGo
  • Moved the Power Supply Recommendations and Layout sections to the Application and Implementation sectionGo

Changes from Revision A (December 2014) to Revision B (August 2015)

  • Added PW package nomenclature throughout documentGo
  • Changed programmed threshold in Figure 8-21, Multiple Echo Receive Mode (Zoom-in) Go
  • Added trigger to START time description Go
  • Changed notes on Figure 8-23, Short TOF Measurement Go
  • Changed note A on Figure 8-24, Standard TOF Measurement Go
  • Changed note A on Figure 8-25, Standard TOF Measurement with Blanking Enabled Go
  • Changed Equation 9, downstream TOFGo

Changes from Revision * (October 2014) to Revision A (December 2014)

  • Added Pin Configuration and Functions section, Specifications section, Parameter Measurement Information section, Detailed Description section, Application and Implementation section, Power Supply Recommendations section and Layout sectionGo
  • Changed Device and Documentation Support section Go

5 Pin Configuration and Functions



Figure 5-1 PW Package 28-Pin TSSOPTop View
Table 5-1 Pin Functions
PIN TYPE(1) DESCRIPTION
NAME NO.
CHSEL 11 I External channel selection
CLKIN 25 I Clock input
COMPIN 7 I Echo qualification and zero-crossing detector input
CSB 19 I Chip select for the SPI interface (active low)
EN 15 I Enable (active high; when low the TDC1000 is in SLEEP mode)
ERRB 12 O Error flag (open drain)
GND 26 G Negative supply
LNAOUT 4 O Low noise amplifier output (for ac decoupling capacitor)
PGAIN 5 I Programmable gain amplifier input
PGAOUT 6 O Programmable gain amplifier output
RESET 17 I Reset (active high)
RREF 10 O Reference resistor for temperature measurement
RTD1 8 O Resistance temperature detector channel 1
RTD2 9 O Resistance temperature detector channel 2
RX1 1 I Receive input 1
RX2 2 I Receive input 2
SCLK 18 I Serial clock for the SPI interface
SDI 20 I Serial data input for the SPI interface
SDO 21 O Serial data output for the SPI interface
START 13 O Start pulse output
STOP 14 O Stop pulse output
TRIGGER 16 I Trigger input
TX1 28 O Transmit output 1
TX2 27 O Transmit output 2
VCOM 3 P Output common mode voltage bias
VDD(2) 23, 24 P Positive supply; all VDD supply pins must be connected to the supply.
VIO 22 P Positive I/O supply
(1) G = Ground, I = Input, O = Output, P = Power
(2) Place a 100-nF bypass capacitor to ground in closest proximity of the pin

 
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