SNVSBE0G October   2020  – May 2024 LMR43610-Q1 , LMR43620-Q1

PRODUCTION DATA  

  1.   1
  2. 1 Features
  3. 2 Applications
  4. 3 Description
  5. 4 Device Comparison Table
  6. 5 Pin Configuration and Functions
  7. 6 Specifications
    1. 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 6.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 6.4 Thermal Information
    5. 6.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 6.6 System Characteristics
    7. 6.7 Typical Characteristics
  8. 7 Detailed Description
    1. 7.1 Overview
    2. 7.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 7.3 Feature Description
      1. 7.3.1  Enable, Start-Up, and Shutdown
      2. 7.3.2  External CLK SYNC (with MODE/SYNC)
        1. 7.3.2.1 Pulse-Dependent MODE/SYNC Pin Control
      3. 7.3.3  Adjustable Switching Frequency (with RT)
      4. 7.3.4  Power-Good Output Operation
      5. 7.3.5  Internal LDO, VCC, and VOUT/FB Input
      6. 7.3.6  Bootstrap Voltage and VBOOT-UVLO (BOOT Terminal)
      7. 7.3.7  Output Voltage Selection
      8. 7.3.8  Spread Spectrum
      9. 7.3.9  Soft Start and Recovery from Dropout
        1. 7.3.9.1 Recovery from Dropout
      10. 7.3.10 Current Limit and Short Circuit
      11. 7.3.11 Thermal Shutdown
      12. 7.3.12 Input Supply Current
    4. 7.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 7.4.1 Shutdown Mode
      2. 7.4.2 Standby Mode
      3. 7.4.3 Active Mode
        1. 7.4.3.1 CCM Mode
        2. 7.4.3.2 Auto Mode – Light-Load Operation
          1. 7.4.3.2.1 Diode Emulation
          2. 7.4.3.2.2 Frequency Reduction
        3. 7.4.3.3 FPWM Mode – Light-Load Operation
        4. 7.4.3.4 Minimum On-Time (High Input Voltage) Operation
        5. 7.4.3.5 Dropout
  9. 8 Application and Implementation
    1. 8.1 Application Information
    2. 8.2 Typical Application
      1. 8.2.1 Design Requirements
      2. 8.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        1. 8.2.2.1  Choosing the Switching Frequency
        2. 8.2.2.2  Setting the Output Voltage
          1. 8.2.2.2.1 FB for Adjustable Output
        3. 8.2.2.3  Inductor Selection
        4. 8.2.2.4  Output Capacitor Selection
        5. 8.2.2.5  Input Capacitor Selection
        6. 8.2.2.6  CBOOT
        7. 8.2.2.7  VCC
        8. 8.2.2.8  CFF Selection
        9. 8.2.2.9  External UVLO
        10. 8.2.2.10 Maximum Ambient Temperature
      3. 8.2.3 Application Curves
    3. 8.3 Best Design Practices
    4. 8.4 Power Supply Recommendations
    5. 8.5 Layout
      1. 8.5.1 Layout Guidelines
        1. 8.5.1.1 Ground and Thermal Considerations
      2. 8.5.2 Layout Example
  10. 9 Device and Documentation Support
    1. 9.1 Device Support
      1. 9.1.1 Third-Party Products Disclaimer
      2. 9.1.2 Device Nomenclature
    2. 9.2 Documentation Support
      1. 9.2.1 Related Documentation
    3. 9.3 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates
    4. 9.4 Support Resources
    5. 9.5 Trademarks
    6. 9.6 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    7. 9.7 Glossary
  11. 10Revision History
  12. 11Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

7.3.10 Current Limit and Short Circuit

The LMR436x0-Q1 is protected from overcurrent conditions by cycle-by-cycle current limiting on both high-side (HS) and low-side (LS) MOSFETs.

High-side MOSFET overcurrent protection is implemented by the typical peak-current mode control scheme. The HS switch current is sensed when the HS is turned on after a short blanking time. The HS switch current is compared to either the minimum of a fixed current set point or the output of the internal error amplifier loop minus the slope compensation every switching cycle. Because the output of the internal error amplifier loop has a maximum value and slope compensation increases with duty cycle, HS current limit decreases with increased duty factor if duty factor is typically above 35%.

When the LS switch is turned on, the current going through it is also sensed and monitored. Like the high-side device, the low-side device has a turn-off commanded by the internal error amplifier loop. In the case of the low-side device, turn-off is prevented if the current exceeds this value, even if the oscillator normally starts a new switching cycle. Also like the high-side device, there is a limit on how high the turn-off current is allowed to be. This is called the low-side current limit, IVALMAX. If the LS current limit is exceeded, the LS MOSFET stays on and the HS switch is not to be turned on. The LS switch is turned off after the LS current falls below this limit and the HS switch is turned on again as long as at least one clock period has passed since the last time the HS device has turned on.

LMR43610-Q1 LMR43620-Q1 Current Limit Waveforms Figure 7-13 Current Limit Waveforms

Because the current waveform assumes values between IPEAKMAX and IVALMAX, the maximum output current is very close to the average of these two values unless duty factor is very high. After operating in current limit, hysteretic control is used and current does not increase as output voltage approaches zero.

If duty factor is very high, current ripple must be very low to prevent instability. Because current ripple is low, the part is able to deliver full current. The current delivered is very close to IVALMAX.

LMR43610-Q1 LMR43620-Q1 Output Voltage Versus Output Current Figure 7-14 Output Voltage Versus Output Current

Under most conditions, current is limited to the average of IPEAKMAX and IVALMAX. If input voltage is low, current can be limited to approximately IVALMAX. Also note that the maximum output current does not exceed the average of IPEAKMAX and IVALMAX. After the overload is removed, the part recovers as though in soft start.