SLUSDK0A August   2020  – March 2021 BQ25171-Q1

PRODUCTION DATA  

  1. 1 Features
  2. 2 Applications
  3. 3 Description
  4. 4 Revision History
  5. 5 Pin Configuration and Functions
  6. 6 Specifications
    1. 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 6.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 6.4 Thermal Information
    5. 6.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 6.6 Timing Requirements
    7. 6.7 Typical Characteristics
  7. 7 Detailed Description
    1. 7.1 Overview
    2. 7.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 7.3 Feature Description
      1. 7.3.1 Device Power Up from Input Source
        1. 7.3.1.1 ISET Pin Detection
        2. 7.3.1.2 CHM_TMR Pin Detection
        3. 7.3.1.3 VSET Pin Detection
        4. 7.3.1.4 Charger Power Up
      2. 7.3.2 Battery Charging Features
        1. 7.3.2.1 Lithium-Ion Battery Charging Profile
          1. 7.3.2.1.1 NiMH Battery Charging Profile
        2. 7.3.2.2 Charge Termination and Battery Recharge
        3. 7.3.2.3 Charging Safety Timers
        4. 7.3.2.4 Battery Cold, Hot Temperature Qualification (TS Pin)
      3. 7.3.3 Status Outputs (STAT1, STAT2)
        1. 7.3.3.1 Charging Status Indicator (STAT1, STAT2)
      4. 7.3.4 Protection Features
        1. 7.3.4.1 Input Overvoltage Protection (VIN OVP)
        2. 7.3.4.2 Output Overvoltage Protection (BAT OVP)
        3. 7.3.4.3 Output Overcurrent Protection (BAT OCP)
        4. 7.3.4.4 Thermal Regulation and Thermal Shutdown (TREG and TSHUT)
    4. 7.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 7.4.1 Shutdown or Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)
      2. 7.4.2 Sleep Mode
      3. 7.4.3 Active Mode
        1. 7.4.3.1 Standby Mode
      4. 7.4.4 Fault Mode
  8. 8 Application and Implementation
    1. 8.1 Application Information
    2. 8.2 Typical Applications
      1. 8.2.1 1s LiFePO4 Charger Design Example
        1. 8.2.1.1 Design Requirements
        2. 8.2.1.2 Detailed Design Procedure
          1. 8.2.1.2.1 Program the Fast Charge Current, ISET:
          2. 8.2.1.2.2 TS Function
        3. 8.2.1.3 Application Curves
      2. 8.2.2 2s Li-Ion Charger with Power Path Design Example
        1. 8.2.2.1 Design Requirements
      3. 8.2.3 4s NiMH Charger Design Example
        1. 8.2.3.1 Design Requirements
  9. 9 Power Supply Recommendations
  10. 10Layout
    1. 10.1 Layout Guidelines
    2. 10.2 Layout Example
  11. 11Device and Documentation Support
    1. 11.1 Device Support
      1. 11.1.1 Third-Party Products Disclaimer
    2. 11.2 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates
    3. 11.3 Support Resources
    4. 11.4 Trademarks
    5. 11.5 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    6. 11.6 Glossary
  12. 12Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

Package Options

Mechanical Data (Package|Pins)
Thermal pad, mechanical data (Package|Pins)
Orderable Information

7.1 Overview

The BQ25171-Q1 is an automotive rated, 800-mA linear charger for 1-cell and 2-cell Li-Ion, Li-Polymer, and LiFePO4, in addition to 1-cell up to 6-cell NiMH battery applications. The device has a single power output that charges the battery. The system load can be placed in parallel with the battery, as long as the average system load does not prevent the battery from charging fully within the safety timer duration. When the system load is placed in parallel with the battery, the input current is shared between the system and the battery.

The device has three phases for charging a Li-Ion battery: precharge to recover a fully discharged battery, fast-charge constant current to supply the bulk of the charge, and voltage regulation to reach full capacity.

The device charges a NiMH in constant current mode only, and terminates the charge cycle when the programmable timer expires or the battery voltage exceeds the VOUT_OVP threshold. An optional intermittent charging phase can be programmed to automatically recharge a full NiMH battery once its voltage falls below VRECHG.

The charger includes flexibility in programming of the fast-charge current and regulation voltage. This charger is designed to work with a variety of input supply ranges including direct car battery connection.

The charger also comes with a full set of safety features: battery temperature monitoring, overvoltage protection, charge safety timers, and configuration pin (VSET, ISET, CHM_TMR) short and open protection. All of these features and more are described in detail below.

The charger is designed for a single path from the input to the output to charge the battery. Upon application of a valid input power source, the configuration pins are checked for short/open circuit.

If the Li-Ion battery voltage is below the VBAT_LOWV threshold, the battery is considered discharged and a preconditioning cycle begins. The amount of precharge current is 20% of the programmed fast-charge current via ISET pin. The tPRECHG safety timer is active, and stops charging after expiration if battery voltage fails to rise above VBAT_LOWV.

Once the battery has charged to the VBAT_LOWV threshold, Fast Charge Mode is initiated, applying the fast charge current and starting the tSAFETY timer. The fast charge constant current is programmed using the ISET pin. The constant current phase provides the bulk of the charge. Power dissipation in the IC is greatest in fast charge with a lower battery voltage. If the IC temperature reaches TREG, the IC enters thermal regulation, slows the timer clock by half, and reduces the charge current as needed to keep the temperature from rising any further. Figure 7-1 shows the typical Lithium battery charging profile with thermal regulation. Under normal operating conditions, the IC’s junction temperature is less than TREG and thermal regulation is not entered.

Once the battery has charged to the regulation voltage, the voltage loop takes control and holds the battery at the regulation voltage until the current tapers to the termination threshold. The termination threshold is 10% of the programmed fast-charge current.

Further details are described in Section 7.3.

GUID-20200827-CA0I-MKXH-C3NJ-L9KKZKZK2BXF-low.gif Figure 7-1 Lithium-Ion Battery Charging Profile with Thermal Regulation