When choosing the input voltage range, the input
common mode voltage range (VICR) must be taken in to account. If
temperature operation is above or below 25°C the VICR can range from 0V
to VCC– 2V. This limits the input voltage range to as high as
VCC– 2.0V and as low as 0V. Operation outside of this range can yield
incorrect comparisons.
Below is a list of input voltage situation and the
outcomes:
- When both IN- and IN+ are both within the common mode range:
- If IN- is higher than IN+ and the offset voltage, the output is low and the output transistor is sinking current
- If IN- is lower than IN+ and the offset voltage, the output is high impedance and the output transistor is not conducting
- When IN- is higher than common mode and IN+ is within common mode, the output is low and the output transistor is sinking current
- When IN+ is higher than common mode and IN- is within common mode, the output is high impedance and the output transistor is not conducting
- When IN- and IN+ are both higher than common
mode, see Section 2 of Application Design Guidelines for LM339, LM393,
TL331 Family Comparators Including the New B-versions