Achieving optimized performance with a
high-frequency amplifier such as the THS6232 requires
careful attention to board layout parasitic and external component types. The THS6222RHFEVM can be used as a reference when designing the circuit
board. Recommendations that optimize performance include:
- Minimize parasitic capacitance to any ac ground
for all signal I/O pins. Parasitic capacitance, particularly on the output and
inverting input pins, can cause instability; on the noninverting input, this
capacitance can react with the source impedance to cause unintentional band
limiting. To reduce unwanted capacitance, open a window around the signal I/O
pins in all ground and power planes around these pins. Otherwise, ground and
power planes must be unbroken elsewhere on the board.
- Minimize the distance (less than 0.25in, or
6.35mm) from the power-supply pins to high-frequency 0.1µF decoupling
capacitors. At the device pins, the ground and power plane layout must not be in
close proximity to the signal I/O pins. Avoid narrow power and ground traces to
minimize inductance between the pins and the decoupling capacitors. Always
decouple the power-supply connections with these capacitors. An optional supply
decoupling capacitor across the two power supplies (for bipolar operation)
improves second-harmonic distortion performance. Use larger (2.2µF to 6.8µF)
decoupling capacitors, effective at lower frequencies, on the main supply pins.
These capacitors can be placed somewhat farther from the device and can be
shared among several devices in the same area of the PCB.
- Careful selection and placement of external
components preserves the high-frequency performance of the THS6232. Use very low reactance type resistors.
Surface-mount resistors work best and allow a tighter overall layout. Metal film
and carbon composition, axially-leaded resistors can also provide good
high-frequency performance. Again, keep leads and PCB trace length as short as
possible. Never use wire-wound type resistors in a high-frequency application.
Although the output pin and inverting input pin are the most sensitive to
parasitic capacitance, always position the feedback and series output resistor,
if any, as close as possible to the output pin. Place other network components,
such as noninverting input termination resistors, close to the package. Where
double-side component mounting is required, place the feedback resistor directly
under the package on the other side of the board between the output and
inverting input pins. The frequency response is primarily determined by the
feedback resistor value, as described in Section 7.2.1. Increasing the value reduces the bandwidth, whereas decreasing the value
leads to a more peaked frequency response. The 1.24kΩ feedback resistor used in
Section 5.8 is a good starting point for a gain of 10V/V design. For operation in
ultra-low-bias mode, use a minimum 2kΩ feedback resistor for a device gain of
10V/V.
- Connections to other wide-band devices on the
board can be made with short direct traces or through on board transmission
lines. For short connections, consider the trace and the input to the next
device as a lumped capacitive load. Use relatively wide traces (50 mils to 100
mils, 0.050 inches to 0.100 inches, or 1.27mm to 2.54mm), preferably with ground
and power planes opened up around them.
- Do not socket a high-speed part such as the THS6232. The additional lead length and pin-to-pin
capacitance introduced by the socket can create an extremely troublesome
parasitic network, and can make achieving a smooth, stable frequency response
almost impossible. Best results are obtained by soldering the THS6232 directly onto the board.
- Use the VS– plane to conduct the heat
out of the package. The package attaches the die directly to an exposed thermal
pad on the bottom, and must be soldered to the board. Electrically connect this
pad to the same voltage plane as the most negative supply voltage
(VS–) applied to the THS6232. Place
as many vias as possible on the thermal pad connection and connect the vias to a
heat spreading plane that is at the same potential as VS– on the
bottom side of the PCB.