DLPS039G December   2015  – July 2024 TPS99000-Q1

PRODUCTION DATA  

  1.   1
  2. 1 Features
  3. 2 Applications
  4. 3 Description
  5. 4 Pin Configuration and Functions
  6. 5 Specifications
    1. 5.1  Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 5.2  ESD Ratings
    3. 5.3  Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 5.4  Thermal Information
    5. 5.5  Electrical Characteristics—Transimpedance Amplifier Parameters
    6. 5.6  Electrical Characteristics—Digital to Analog Converters
    7. 5.7  Electrical Characteristics—Analog to Digital Converter
    8. 5.8  Electrical Characteristics—FET Gate Drivers
    9. 5.9  Electrical Characteristics—Photo Comparator
    10. 5.10 Electrical Characteristics—Voltage Regulators
    11. 5.11 Electrical Characteristics—Temperature and Voltage Monitors
    12. 5.12 Electrical Characteristics—Current Consumption
    13. 5.13 Power-Up Timing Requirements
    14. 5.14 Power-Down Timing Requirements
    15. 5.15 Timing Requirements—Sequencer Clock
    16. 5.16 Timing Requirements—Host and Diagnostic Port SPI Interface
    17. 5.17 Timing Requirements—ADC Interface
    18. 5.18 Switching Characteristics
  7. 6 Detailed Description
    1. 6.1 Overview
    2. 6.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 6.3 Feature Description
      1. 6.3.1 Illumination Control
        1. 6.3.1.1 Illumination System High Dynamic Range Dimming Overview
        2. 6.3.1.2 Illumination Control Loop
        3. 6.3.1.3 Continuous Mode Operation
          1. 6.3.1.3.1 Output Capacitance in Continuous Mode
          2. 6.3.1.3.2 Continuous Mode Driver Distortion and Blanking Current
          3. 6.3.1.3.3 Continuous Mode S_EN2 Dissipative Load Shunt Options
          4. 6.3.1.3.4 Continuous Mode Constant OFF Time
          5. 6.3.1.3.5 Continuous Mode Current Limit
        4. 6.3.1.4 Discontinuous Mode Operation
          1. 6.3.1.4.1 Discontinuous Mode Pulse Width Limit
          2. 6.3.1.4.2 COMPOUT_LOW Timer in Discontinuous Operation
          3. 6.3.1.4.3 Dimming Within Discontinuous Operation Range
          4. 6.3.1.4.4 Multiple Pulse Heights to Increase Bit Depth
          5. 6.3.1.4.5 TIA Gain Adjustment
          6. 6.3.1.4.6 Current Limit in Discontinuous Mode
          7. 6.3.1.4.7 CMODE Big Cap Mode in Discontinuous Operation
      2. 6.3.2 Over-Brightness Detection
        1. 6.3.2.1 Photo Feedback Monitor BIST
        2. 6.3.2.2 Excessive Brightness BIST
      3. 6.3.3 Analog to Digital Converter
        1. 6.3.3.1 Analog to Digital Converter Input Table
      4. 6.3.4 Power Sequencing and Monitoring
        1. 6.3.4.1 Power Monitoring
      5. 6.3.5 DMD Mirror Voltage Regulator
      6. 6.3.6 Low Dropout Regulators
      7. 6.3.7 System Monitoring Features
        1. 6.3.7.1 Windowed Watchdog Circuits
        2. 6.3.7.2 Die Temperature Monitors
        3. 6.3.7.3 External Clock Ratio Monitor
      8. 6.3.8 Communication Ports
        1. 6.3.8.1 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
    4. 6.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 6.4.1 OFF
      2. 6.4.2 STANDBY
      3. 6.4.3 POWERING_DMD
      4. 6.4.4 DISPLAY_RDY
      5. 6.4.5 DISPLAY_ON
      6. 6.4.6 PARKING
      7. 6.4.7 SHUTDOWN
    5. 6.5 Register Maps
      1. 6.5.1 System Status Registers
      2. 6.5.2 ADC Control
      3. 6.5.3 General Fault Status
  8. 7 Application and Implementation
    1. 7.1 Application Information
    2. 7.2 Typical Applications
      1. 7.2.1 HUD
        1. 7.2.1.1 Design Requirements
        2. 7.2.1.2 Application Design Considerations
          1. 7.2.1.2.1 Photodiode Considerations
          2. 7.2.1.2.2 LED Current Measurement
          3. 7.2.1.2.3 Setting the Current Limit
          4. 7.2.1.2.4 Input Voltage Variation Impact
          5. 7.2.1.2.5 Discontinuous Mode Photo Feedback Considerations
          6. 7.2.1.2.6 Transimpedance Amplifiers (TIAs, Usage, Offset, Dark Current, Ranges, RGB Trim)
      2. 7.2.2 Headlight
        1. 7.2.2.1 Design Requirements
  9. 8 Power Supply Recommendations
    1. 8.1 TPS99000-Q1 Power Supply Architecture
    2. 8.2 TPS99000-Q1 Power Outputs
    3. 8.3 Power Supply Architecture
  10. 9 Layout
    1. 9.1 Layout Guidelines
      1. 9.1.1 Power/High Current Signals
      2. 9.1.2 Sensitive Analog Signals
      3. 9.1.3 High-Speed Digital Signals
      4. 9.1.4 High Power Current Loops
      5. 9.1.5 Kelvin Sensing Connections
      6. 9.1.6 Ground Separation
  11. 10Device and Documentation Support
    1. 10.1 Device Support
      1. 10.1.1 Third-Party Products Disclaimer
    2. 10.2 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates
    3. 10.3 Support Resources
    4. 10.4 Trademarks
    5. 10.5 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    6. 10.6 Glossary
  12. 11Revision History
  13. 12Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

7.2.1.1 Design Requirements

The DLPC23x-Q1 is a controller for the DMD and the timing of the RGB LEDs in the HUD. It requests the proper timing and amplitude from the LEDs to achieve the requested color and brightness from the HUD across the entire operating range. It synchronizes the DMD with these LEDs in order to generate full-color video requested from the host.

The DLPC23x-Q1 receives inputs from a host processor in the vehicle. The host provides commands and input video data. Read and write (R/W) commands can be sent using either the I2C bus or SPI bus. The bus that is not being used for R/W commands can be used as a read-only bus for diagnostic purposes. The input video can be sent over an OpenLDI bus or a parallel 24-bit bus. The SPI flash memory provides the embedded software for the DLPC23x-Q1’s ARM core, color calibration data, and default settings. The TPS99000-Q1 provides diagnostic and monitoring information to the DLPC23x-Q1 uses an SPI bus and several other control signals such as PARKZ, INTZ, and RESETZ to manage power-up and power-down sequencing. The DLPC23x-Q1 interfaces to a TPM411 via I2C for temperature information.

The outputs of the DLPC23x-Q1 are LED drive information to the TPS99000-Q1, control signals to the DMD, and monitoring and diagnostics information to the host processor. Based on a host-requested brightness and the operating temperature, the DLPC23x-Q1 determines the proper timing and amplitudes for the LEDs. It passes this information to the TPS99000-Q1 using an SPI bus and several additional control signals such as D_EN, S_EN, and SEQ_START. It controls the DMD mirrors by sending data over a SubLVDS bus. It can alert the host about any critical errors using a HOST_IRQ signal.

The TPS99000-Q1 is a highly integrated mixed-signal IC that controls DMD power, the analog response of the LEDs, and provides monitoring and diagnostics information for the HUD system. The power sequencing and monitoring blocks of the TPS99000-Q1 properly power up the DMD and provide accurate DMD voltage rails, and then monitor the system’s power rails during operation. The integration of these functions into one IC significantly reduces design time and complexity. The highly accurate photodiode (PD) measurement system and the dimming controller block precisely control the LED response. This enables a DLP technology HUD to achieve a very high dimming range (> 5000:1) with accurate brightness and color across the temperature range of the system. Finally, the TPS99000-Q1 has several general-purpose ADCs that designers can use for system-level monitoring, such as over-brightness detection.

The TPS99000-Q1 receives inputs from the DLPC23x-Q1, power rail voltages for monitoring, a photodiode that is used to measure LED response, the host processor, and potentially several other ADC ports. The DLPC23x-Q1 sends commands to the TPS99000-Q1 over a SPI port and several other control signals. The TPS99000-Q1 includes watchdogs to monitor the DLPC23x-Q1 and ensure that it is operating as expected. The power rails are monitored by the TPS99000-Q1 to detect power failures or glitches and request a proper power down of the DMD in case of an error. The photodiode’s current is measured and amplified using a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) within the TPS99000-Q1. The host processor can read diagnostics information from the TPS99000-Q1 using a dedicated SPI bus. Additionally, the host can request the system to be turned on or off using a PROJ_ON signal. The TPS99000-Q1 has several general-purpose ADCs that can be used to implement other system features such as over-brightness and over-temperature detection.

The outputs of the TPS99000-Q1 are LED drive signals, diagnostic information, and error alerts to the DLPC23x-Q1. The TPS99000-Q1 has signals connected to the LM3409 buck controller for high-power LEDs and to discrete hardware that control the LEDs. The TPS99000-Q1 can output diagnostic information to the host and the DLPC23x-Q1 over two SPI buses. It also has signals such as RESETZ, PARKZ, and INTZ that can be used to trigger power down or reset sequences.

The DMD is a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) device that receives electrical signals as input (video data) and produces a mechanical output (mirror position). The electrical interface to the DMD is a SubLVDS interface driven by the DLPC23x-Q1. The mechanical output is the state of more than 1.3 million mirrors in the DMD array that can be tilted ±12°. In a projection system, the mirrors are used as pixels to display an image.