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TI’s Sitara™ MCU products integrate SAR ADCs in advanced small geometry CMOS process nodes. In order to optimize for low cost and high performance and avoid high cost mask sets and/or larger die area which are required to support higher supply voltages for analog, input voltage range of these ADCs is limited to 3.3 V. For many applications this range is sufficient, however some applications, especially some legacy industrial or automotive sensors, may require higher ADC input ranges like 5 V.
Depending on the application, there will be other design constraints, like the input source not being able to drive the sampling capacitor of the of the SAR ADC. Another design concern might be noise performance of the overall signal chain. This application note provides guidelines on how to approach the problem and interface different input sources with higher voltage rating than the Sitara™ MCU and the trade-offs.
First, we need to check if the sensor really needs a 5 V ADC. Many sensors are rated for 5 V or works on a 5 V supply, but the analog output will not go beyond 3.3 V in the use case. As a good example the temperature sensor LM50 operates on 5 V or higher supply but within the desired -40 C to 150 C operating window the maximum analog output voltage will be limited well below 3.3 V. So this sensor can easily be connected to Sitara™ ADC without any additional hardware.