Design Goals
High Side Supply | Input Voltage |
Working Voltage |
Low Side Supply |
Output Voltage |
---|---|---|---|---|
12 V | ±170 Vpk Sine Wave | ≥ 400 VRMS | 3.3 V to 5.0 V ±10% | ≤ Low-Side Supply |
Design Description
A zero-crossing detector circuit changes output state when the AC input crosses the zero-cross reference voltage. This design features a single chip solution for zero-crossing detection of an AC sine wave with inverting and non-inverting digital outputs. The circuit is created by setting the comparator inverting input to ground and applying a clamped sine wave to the noninverting input. The input voltage is clamped by R1 and a pair of antiparallel diodes. In this case, diodes are used instead of an attenuator to maximize the slew rate of the input near the zero-crossing, which reduces output latency. The circuit is used for AC line zero-cross detection in control circuits to reduce standby and off-mode power consumption.
Design Notes
Design Steps
Revised Design
The following schematic shows implementation of the revised design using the AMC23C10.
The AMC23C10 uses capacitive isolation to provide a working voltage of 1000 V. The voltage source for VDD1 is specified from 3 V to 27 V, controlled internally through an LDO. VDD2 is specified from 2.7 V to 5.5 V. The input voltage range under normal operation is ±1 V. The logic output on OUT1 is open drain which can be used with a pullup resistor to VDD1. OUT2 is a push-pull type output needing no external pullup resistors.
Design Simulations
Measured Response
The following images show the measured response of the zero-crossing detection circuit using the AMC23C10 isolated comparator. The input is captured on trace 1, while OUT1 and OUT2 are shown on traces 2 and 3 respectively. When measured at both the rising and falling edges of the input, the delay between the zero-crossing of the input and the output transition does not exceed 220 ns.
Design References
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Texas Instruments, AMC23C10 Fast Response, Reinforced Isolated Comparator With Dual Output data sheet
Design Featured Isolated Comparator
AMC23C10 | |
---|---|
Working Voltage | 1000 VRMS |
VDD1 | 3.0 V–27 V |
VDD2 | 2.7 V–5.5 V |
Input Voltage Range | ±1000 mV |
Output Options | OUT1 - Open Drain |
OUT2 - Push-Pull | |
AMC23C10 |
Alternate Design for 230-VAC Input
AMC23C10 | |
---|---|
Working Voltage | 1000 VRMS |
AC Input | 325 Vpk |
R1 Ideal | 3.25 MΩ |
R1 E96 Standard | Three each 1.09 MΩ |
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