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Battery pack: cordless power tool

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Block diagram

Battery pack: cordless power tool

Block diagram

Overview

Our integrated circuits and reference designs help you create battery packs and chargers for cordless power tools with highly reliable battery management solutions (BMS) for monitoring, protecting, balancing and gauging.

Design requirements

Modern battery packs for cordless power tools often require:

  • Accurate voltage and current sensing.
  • Voltage, temperature and current protection.
  • Low standby current and ultra-low shipment power consumption.
  • Capacity indication to accurately track battery charge status and predict available runtime.
Explore applications similar in function and design

Block diagram

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Battery pack with AFE & cell balancing

Battery pack with protection only

Battery pack with AFE & cell balancing

PACK+ PACK+ PACK- PACK- Cell balancing MOSFETs Cell balancingMOSFETs … … …… …… …… …… Gas gauge or battery management controller Gas gauge or battery management controller MCU MCU SVS SVS LDO LDO ESD ESD Fuel gauge Fuel gauge BLE BLE Protector/monitor/cell balancing Protector/monitor/cell balancing AFE/monitor AFE/monitor Temp sensor Temp sensor Secondary protector Secondary protector COMP COMP Charge/discharge power stage Charge/discharge power stage LV-MOSFET LV-MOSFET Fuse Fuse

Monitoring/protection/cell-balancing

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This sub-system is responsible for monitoring and protecting the battery pack. The data that is monitored includes individual cell voltage and pack temperature. It also implements active/passive cell balancing of each battery cell inside the battery pack. Additionally it can control the charge and discharge FET present in the battery pack.

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Battery management ICs (5)
Battery protectors
  • BQ77205—Ultra-low-power voltage protector for 3-series to 5-series cell Li-ion battery
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
  • BQ7718—Family 2-5S Overvoltage Protector with Internal Delay Timer
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
  • BQ77216—Voltage and temperature protection for 3-s to 16-s cell Li-ion batteries with internal delay timer
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
  • BQ77207—3-series to 7-series cell Li-ion battery, internal delay timer, voltage and temperature protector
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
  • BQ76200—High-side n-channel FET driver
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
Amplifiers (3)
Comparators
  • LM393B—Dual commercial grade standard comparator
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
  • LM393—Dual differential comparator, commercial grade
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
General-purpose op amps
  • LM358B—Dual, 36-V, 1.2-MHz, 3-mV offset voltage operational amplifier with -40°C to 85°C operation
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
Sensors (1)
Thermistors
  • TMP61—1%, 10-kΩ linear thermistor in 0402, 0603/0805 and through hole packages
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
  • TIDA-00108—Stacked Overvoltage Battery Protector Reference Design
    Design guide: PDF Schematic: PDF
  • TIDA-00792—Multi-Cell 36-48V Battery Management System Reference Design
    Design guide: PDF Schematic: PDF
  • TIDA-010208—10s-16s battery pack reference design with accurate cell measurement and high-side MOSFET control
    Design guide: PDF | HTML Schematic: PDF
  • TIDA-010268—5s to 7s battery pack monitor reference design with low-side MOSFET control
    Design guide: PDF | HTML Schematic: PDF
  • TIDA-01093—Industrial Battery Management Module for 20S Applications Reference Design
    Design guide: PDF Schematic: PDF

Technical documentation

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Type Title Date
Application note 3~6 Cells Battery Management System Based On BQ76925+MSP430G2xx2 26 Aug 2014
Analog Design Journal Cell balancing buys extra run time and battery life 17 Mar 2009
Application note Bq77905 Using Multiple FETs 15 Jul 2016
Technical article Next-generation battery monitors: how to improve battery safety while improving ac PDF | HTML 14 Jul 2023
Application note bq769x0 Family Top 10 Design Considerations (Rev. A) PDF | HTML 05 Jul 2018
Application note BQ77905 Design Considerations in High-Current Applications 05 Dec 2016
Application note bq769x0 BMS Configurations for Cordless Appliances 05 Apr 2019
Application note bq769x0 BMS Configurations for Cordless Appliances 05 Apr 2019

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