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Power MOSFETs are used in a wide variety of applications from switch-mode power supplies to e-bikes and audio amplifiers. The high current carrying capability, ease of driving and fast switching characteristics makes power MOSFETs an essential tool in the design engineers toolbox. When selecting a power MOSFET for an application, a thorough review of the application requirements and the FET data sheet can help avoid some common mistakes.
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To assist the designer, TI has published a series of technical articles, application notes and tools for selecting and using MOSFETs: MOSFET Support and Training Tools application note. Once the FET has been chosen, there is more work to do to make sure the FET works as expected in the application.
During FET selection, a review of the application and the data sheet is necessary to make sure the device is operating within the data sheet limits. This is especially true for the absolute maximum ratings which define the electrical and thermal limitations of the device. Exceeding the absolute maximum ratings can result in catastrophic failure of the FET. Most engineers derate from the limits in the data sheet to make sure there is enough margin in the design for unexpected events such as voltage spikes, transients, fault conditions, overloads, short circuits and etc. For example, a FET with abs max VDS = 30V is typically derated to 24V maximum operating voltage.