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  • CE Regulations for SRDs Operating in License-Free 2.4 GHz/5 GHz Bands

    • SWRA670A April   2020  – October 2022 CC1350 , CC1352P , CC1352R , CC2400 , CC2420 , CC2430 , CC2500 , CC2520 , CC2530 , CC2538 , CC2540 , CC2541 , CC2543 , CC2544 , CC2545 , CC2564 , CC2590 , CC2591 , CC2592 , CC2620 , CC2630 , CC2640 , CC2650 , CC2652P , CC2652R , CC2652R7 , CC2652RSIP , CC3100 , CC3120 , CC3135 , CC3135MOD , CC3200 , CC3200MOD , CC3220MOD , CC3220MODA , CC3220R , CC3220S , CC3220SF , CC3230S , CC3230SF , CC3235MODAS , CC3235MODASF , CC3235MODS , CC3235MODSF , CC3235S , CC3235SF , WL1801MOD , WL1805MOD , WL1807MOD , WL1831

       

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  • CE Regulations for SRDs Operating in License-Free 2.4 GHz/5 GHz Bands
  1.   CE Regulations for SRDs Operating in License-Free 2.4 GHz/5 GHz Bands
  2.   Trademarks
  3. 1 Introduction
  4. 2 Regulation Overview
    1. 2.1 CEPT ERC Recommendation 70-03
  5. 3 Radio Equipment Directive (RED)
    1. 3.1 Essential Requirements
    2. 3.2 Obligations of Manufacturers
    3. 3.3 Conformity of Radio Equipment
      1. 3.3.1 Presumption of Conformity of Radio Equipment
      2. 3.3.2 Conformity Assessment Procedure
      3. 3.3.3 EU Declaration of Conformity
      4. 3.3.4 Rules and Conditions for Affixing the CE Marking
      5. 3.3.5 Technical Documentation
    4. 3.4 Restrictions on Putting into Service
  6. 4 ETSI EN 300 440
    1. 4.1 Technical Requirements
      1. 4.1.1 Environmental Profile
    2. 4.2 Transmitter Requirements
      1. 4.2.1 Transmitter Maximum Radiated Power (e.i.r.p.)
      2. 4.2.2 Permitted Range of Operating Frequencies
      3. 4.2.3 Unwanted Emissions in the Spurious Domain
      4. 4.2.4 Duty Cycle
      5. 4.2.5 Additional Requirements for FHSS Equipment
    3. 4.3 Receiver Requirements
      1. 4.3.1 Receiver Categories
      2. 4.3.2 Receiver Performance Criteria
      3. 4.3.3 Adjacent Channel Selectivity
      4. 4.3.4 Blocking or Desensitization
      5. 4.3.5 Spurious Radiations - Receiver
    4. 4.4 Spectrum Access Techniques
      1. 4.4.1 Listen Before Talk
        1. 4.4.1.1 LBT Timing Paramters
        2. 4.4.1.2 Receiver LBT Threshold and Transmitter Max On-Time
      2. 4.4.2 Detect And Avoid Technique (DAA)
  7. 5 ETSI EN 300 328
    1. 5.1 Technical Requirements
      1. 5.1.1 Environmental Profile
    2. 5.2 Equipment Types
      1. 5.2.1 Wideband Data Transmission Equipment Types
      2. 5.2.2 Adaptive and Non-Adaptive Equipment
      3. 5.2.3 Receiver Categories
      4. 5.2.4 Antenna Types
    3. 5.3 Conformance Requirements
      1. 5.3.1 Conformance Requirements for Frequency Hopping Equipment
        1. 5.3.1.1  RF Output Power
        2. 5.3.1.2  Duty Cycle
        3. 5.3.1.3  Accumulated Transit Time, Frequency Occupation and Hopping Sequence
        4. 5.3.1.4  Hopping Frequency Separation
        5. 5.3.1.5  Medium Utilization (MU) Factor
        6. 5.3.1.6  Adaptivity (Adaptive FHSS)
          1. 5.3.1.6.1 Adaptive FHSS Using LBT
          2. 5.3.1.6.2 Adaptive FHSS Using DAA
          3. 5.3.1.6.3 Adaptive FHSSS - Short Control Signaling Transmissions
        7. 5.3.1.7  Occupied Channel Bandwidth
        8. 5.3.1.8  Transmitter Unwanted Emissions in the Out-of-Band Domain
        9. 5.3.1.9  Transmitter Unwanted Emissions in the Spurious Domain
        10. 5.3.1.10 Receiver Spurious Emissions
        11. 5.3.1.11 Receiver Blocking
        12. 5.3.1.12 Geo-Location Capability
      2. 5.3.2 Conformance Requirements for Wideband Data Transmission Equipment (Non-FHSS)
        1. 5.3.2.1  RF Output Power
        2. 5.3.2.2  Power Spectral Density
        3. 5.3.2.3  Duty Cycle, Tx-sequence and Tx-gap
        4. 5.3.2.4  Medium Utilization Factor
        5. 5.3.2.5  Adaptivity (Non-FHSS)
          1. 5.3.2.5.1 Adaptive Non-FHSS using LBT
            1. 5.3.2.5.1.1 Frame Based Equipment
            2. 5.3.2.5.1.2 Load Based Equipment
          2. 5.3.2.5.2 Adaptive Non-FHSS Using DAA
          3. 5.3.2.5.3 Adaptive Non-FHSS - Short Control Signaling Transmissions
        6. 5.3.2.6  Occupied Channel Bandwidth
        7. 5.3.2.7  Transmitter Unwanted Emissions in the Out-of-Band Domain
        8. 5.3.2.8  74
        9. 5.3.2.9  Transmitter Unwanted Emissions in the Spurious Domain
        10. 5.3.2.10 Receiver Spurious Emissions
        11. 5.3.2.11 Receiving Blocking
        12. 5.3.2.12 Geo-Location Capability
  8. 6 ETSI EN 301 893
    1. 6.1 Technical Requirements
      1. 6.1.1 Environmental Profile
    2. 6.2 Conformance Requirements
      1. 6.2.1  Nominal Center Frequencies
      2. 6.2.2  Nominal Channel Bandwidth and Occupied Channel Bandwidth
      3. 6.2.3  RF Output Power, Transmit Power Control (TPC) and Power Density
      4. 6.2.4  Transmitter Unwanted Emissions - Outside the 5 GHz RLAN Bands
      5. 6.2.5  Transmitter Unwanted Emissions - Within 5 GHz RLAN Bands
      6. 6.2.6  Receiver Spurious Emissions
      7. 6.2.7  Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS)
      8. 6.2.8  Adaptivity (Channel Access Mechanism)
        1. 6.2.8.1 Frame Based Equipment (FBE)
          1. 6.2.8.1.1 Initiating Device Channel Access Mechanism
          2. 6.2.8.1.2 Responding Device Channel Access Mechanism
        2. 6.2.8.2 Load Based Equipment (LBE)
          1. 6.2.8.2.1 Device Types - Load Based Equipment
          2. 6.2.8.2.2 Multi-Channel Operation - Load Based Equipment
          3. 6.2.8.2.3 Priority Classes - Load Based Equipment
          4. 6.2.8.2.4 ED Threshold Level - Load Based Equipment
          5. 6.2.8.2.5 Initiating Device Channel Access Mechanism - Load Based Equipment
          6. 6.2.8.2.6 Responding Device Channel Access Mechanism - Load Based Equipment
        3. 6.2.8.3 Short Control Signalling Transmissions (FBE and LBE)
      9. 6.2.9  Receiver Blocking
      10. 6.2.10 User Access Restrictions
      11. 6.2.11 Geo-Location Capability
  9. 7 ETSI EN 301 489
    1. 7.1 Technical Requirements
    2. 7.2 Environment Classification
    3. 7.3 Test Conditions
    4. 7.4 RF Exclusion Bands
    5. 7.5 Performance Assessment
      1. 7.5.1 Equipment Classification
    6. 7.6 Performance Criteria
      1. 7.6.1 Minimum Performance Level
    7. 7.7 Emission Requirements
      1. 7.7.1 Radiated Emissions - Enclosure Port
      2. 7.7.2 Conducted Emissions - DC Power Input/Output Ports
      3. 7.7.3 Conducted Emissions - AC Mains Power Input/Output Ports
      4. 7.7.4 Harmonic Current Emissions - AC Mains Power Input Port
      5. 7.7.5 Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker - AC Mains Power Input Port
      6. 7.7.6 Conducted Emissions - Wired Network Ports
    8. 7.8 Immunity Requirements
      1. 7.8.1 RF Electromagnetic Field (80 MHz to 6000 MHz) - Enclosure Port
      2. 7.8.2 Electrostatic Discharge - Enclosure
      3. 7.8.3 Fast Transients - Common Mode
      4. 7.8.4 RF - Common Mode
      5. 7.8.5 Transients and Surges in the Vehicular Environment
      6. 7.8.6 Voltage Dips and Interruptions
      7. 7.8.7 Surges
  10. 8 IEC 62368-1
    1. 8.1 Safety Requirements
  11. 9 EN 62311
    1. 9.1 Requirements and Limits of EN 62311
  12. 10References
  13. 11Revision History
  14. IMPORTANT NOTICE
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APPLICATION NOTE

CE Regulations for SRDs Operating in License-Free 2.4 GHz/5 GHz Bands

1 CE Regulations for SRDs Operating in License-Free 2.4 GHz/5 GHz Bands

This application report covers the requirements and procedures for license-free operation of radio equipment in the worldwide 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands for regulatory compliance in Europe. The CE regulations for SRD (Short-Range Devices) are covered in detail for both transmitters and receivers in the frequency bands of both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. Note that this application report serves as guidance on CE compliance test limits on the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. For detailed requirements, refer to ETSI documentation.

Trademarks

Bluetooth® is a registered trademark of Bluetooth SIG, Inc.

All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

1 Introduction

Texas Instruments’ wireless portfolio consists of wireless Microcontrollers and certified modules, which covers wide range of technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth®, Zigbee, Proprietary, and so forth in 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands. In most cases, they are used inside the unlicensed, or license-free, wireless products. Unlicensed means only that the user of these products does not need an individual license from the telecommunication regulatory authorities for the use of the frequency band. Unlicensed does not mean unregulated; the wireless product itself usually will need to meet strict regulations and to be certified by the appropriate regulatory authorities.

International regulations and national laws regulate the use of radio equipment. This document is a summary of the most important aspects of these regulations for license-free operation of radio equipment in the worldwide 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. Although the operation of radio equipment in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands is license-free, the final product has to be type approved. Please note that the type approval is not required for the Chips (ICs) by themselves, but rather the actual application of an end product requires type approval. The type approval procedure will also be reviewed in this document.

This application note is a summary of the regulations and procedures in the European Union for unlicensed RF products operating in the frequency 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. Such products are often referred to as SRD (Short-Range Devices) products in the EU. EU regulatory agencies place limitations on the operating frequencies, output power, spurious emissions, modulation methods, and transmit duty cycles, among other things. The limitations and requirements in the EU are covered in Section 2 to Section 9.

2 Regulation Overview

The use of radio equipment in most European countries is regulated through the Radio Equipment Directive (RED) 2014/53/EU. The RED 2014/53/EU establishes a regulatory framework for placing radio equipment on the market. It ensures a single market for radio equipment by setting essential requirements for safety and health, electromagnetic compatibility, and the efficient use of the radio spectrum. It also provides the basis for further regulation governing some additional aspects. These include technical features for the protection of privacy, personal data and protection against fraud. Furthermore, additional aspects cover interoperability, access to emergency services, and compliance regarding the combination of radio equipment and software. This directive defines the general requirements for radio operation. The actual standards to comply with are written by standardization bodies like The European Standardization Organizations (ESOs), which contains the European Committee for Standardization (CEN), the European Committee for Electro-technical Standardization (CENELEC) and European Telecommunications Institute (ETSI). The standardization organizations are private bodies, composed of industry experts and other stakeholders, and are fully independent from the Commission.

CEPT (The European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations) has the responsibility for the allocation of frequency bands, maximum TX power levels, channel spacing or modulation/maximum occupied bandwidth and duty cycle. This is described in the ERC recommendation CEPT/ERC/70-03.

ETSI has developed harmonized European standards in support of the RED (2014/53/EU) for the majority of SRDs and also defines the test methodologies and general transceiver specifications. Different frequency bands and the use of equipment are covered by different standards. In this document the regulations of the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands are reviewed. The 2.4 GHz and 5GHz ISM bands are covered by the following standards:

  • EN 300 440 covers non-specific devices in the frequency range of 1 GHz – 40 GHz.
  • EN 300 328 V 2.2.2 covers Data transmission equipment operating in the 2.4 GHz band.
  • EN 301 893 V 2.1.1 covers the RLAN equipment in the 5 GHz band.
  • EN 301 489-1 V 2.2.1 covers EMC for standard radio equipment and services.
  • EN 301 489-17 V 3.2.2 covers EMC for Broadband Data Transmission Systems.
  • IEC 62368-1 covers Safety for ICT and AV equipment.
  • EN 62311 covers Human Exposure Restrictions to Electromagnetic fields.

 
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