Thermostat

Products and reference designs

Thermostat

Block diagram

Overview

Whether you are designing a simple thermostat or a smart thermostat complete with intuitive human machine interface (HMI) and secure wireless connectivity, our reference designs and integrated circuits help you address complex challenges and deliver what is next in thermostat design.

Design requirements

Modern thermostat designs often require:

  • Accurate measurement of room temperature despite localized heat generation.
  • Multiple power rails and requirement of high efficiency to reduce localized heat.
  • Replace electromechanical relay with solid state relays to eliminate clicking noise.
  • Intuitive HMI design within space constraints.
  • Integrated wireless security.

Extend the capabilities of this application

Block diagram

Find products and reference designs for your system.

Basic thermostat

HVAC Wire System HVAC Wire System Human Interface Human Interface Haptics Feedback Haptics Feedback LCD LCD Point of Load Point of Load LCD Backlight LCD Backlight Status LEDs Status LEDs Backup Battery Backup Battery Non-Isolated DC/DC Power Supply Non-Isolated DC/DC Power Supply Low Power DC/DC Low Power DC/DC LDO LDO Energy Storage Energy Storage Battery Gas Gauge Battery Gas Gauge Battery Management Battery Management Input User Interface Input User Interface Capacitive Touch Capacitive Touch Haptics Haptics Touchscreen Controller Touchscreen Controller Digital Processing Digital Processing MCU MCU GPIO Expander GPIO Expander Self-Diagnostics/Monitoring Self-Diagnostics/Monitoring Voltage Supervisor Voltage Supervisor Signal Isolation Signal Isolation FETs FETs Optocoupler Optocoupler Output User Interface Output User Interface Backlight Controller Backlight Controller RGBW LED Driver RGBW LEDDriver Wired Interface Wired Interface BACnet BACnet RS-485 RS-485 Signal Input/Output Protection Signal Input/Output Protection Protection Protection Protection Protection Relay System Relay System SSR FET & Logic SSR FET & Logic Crystal Crystal Crystal Crystal 24V AC 24V AC Clocking Clocking Real-Time Clock Real-TimeClock Clock Generator Clock Generator Thermistor Thermistor Non-Isolated AC/DC Power Supply Non-Isolated AC/DC Power Supply FETs FETs Wide Vin DC/DC Wide Vin DC/DC EFuse EFuse Temperature Sensor Temperature Sensor Temp/Humidity Temp/Humidity Op-Amp Op-Amp ADC ADC

Relay system

close

The relay system allows the thermostat to operate the HVAC system. A mechanical relay system provides the lowest cost solution, but generates loud clicking noises and has physical contacts that wear out. A solid-state relay (SSR) system performs the same function without the use of mechanical parts. A digital SSR system consisting of control logic and MOSFET switches provides a low-footprint and low-BOM-count solution.

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Logic & voltage translation (12)
Inverting buffers & drivers
NAND gates
  • CD4093B4-ch, 2-input, 3-V to 18-V NAND gates with Schmitt-Trigger inputs
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
Noninverting buffers & drivers
  • SN74LVC1G07Single 1.65-V to 5.5-V buffer with open-drain outputs
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
  • SN74AUP1G17Single 0.8-V to 3.6-V low power buffer with Schmitt-Trigger inputs
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
JK flip-flops
  • SN74HC112Dual J-K Negative-Edge-Triggered Flip-Flops With Clear and Preset
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
AND gates
  • SN74LVC1G081-ch, 2-input 1.65-V to 5.5-V 32 mA drive strength AND gate
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
  • SN74AUP2G082-ch, 2-input 0.8-V to 3.6-V low power (< 1uA) AND gate
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
D-type flip-flops
  • SN74AUP1G74Low-Power Single Positive-Edge-Triggered D-Type Flip-Flop
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
  • SN74LVC1G74Single Positive-Edge-Triggered D-Type Flip-Flop With Clear and Preset
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
Power management (8)
Low-side switches
MOSFETs
  • CSD17483F430-V, N channel NexFET™ power MOSFET, single LGA 1 mm x 0.6 mm, 260 mOhm, gate ESD protection
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
  • CSD19537Q3100-V, N channel NexFET™ power MOSFET, single SON 3 mm x 3 mm, 14.5 mOhm
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
  • CSD87502Q230-V, N channel NexFET™ power MOSFET, dual SON 2 mm x 2, 42 mOhm, gate ESD protection
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
  • CSD17382F430-V, N channel NexFET™ power MOSFET, single LGA 1 mm x 0.6mm, 67 mOhm, gate ESD protection
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
  • CSD18541F560-V, N channel NexFET™ power MOSFET, single LGA 1.5 mm x 0.8mm, 65 mOhm, gate ESD protection
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
  • CSD19538Q2100-V, N channel NexFET™ power MOSFET, single SON 2 mm x 2 mm, 59 mOhm
    Data sheet: PDF | HTML
  • TIDA-00377Self-Powered AC Solid State Relay with MOSFETs Reference Design
    Design guide: PDF Schematic: PDF
  • TIDA-00751Solid State Relay 24V AC Switch with Galvanic Isolation Reference Design
    Design guide: PDF Schematic: PDF
  • TIDA-01008524-VAC multi-channel solid state relay reference design using digital isolator
    Design guide: PDF | HTML Schematic: PDF
  • TIDA-01064Low BOM Cost AC Solid State Relay with MOSFETs Reference Design
    Design guide: PDF Schematic: PDF
  • TIDA-01065Isolated Self-Powered AC Solid State Relay with MOSFETs Reference Design
    Design guide: PDF Schematic: PDF

Technical documentation

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Type Title Date
Technical article How smart thermostats get their degrees PDF | HTML 31 Aug 2023
Technical article Extending 2.4 GHz without compromising performance in a connected world PDF | HTML 30 Jun 2023
White paper Smart thermostats are a cool addition to the connected home 28 Sep 2012
More literature Engineering A Smarter Building 28 Jan 2016
Technical article How smart amps are bringing high-fidelity audio into the smart home PDF | HTML 22 Jun 2023
Technical article How accurate sensing in HVAC systems improves efficiency and saves consumers money PDF | HTML 21 Aug 2023
Technical article A scalable approach to cloud computing applications for low power sensors PDF | HTML 18 Aug 2023
Technical article Automation and Gateways with Scalable Sitara Processors PDF | HTML 16 Jun 2023
Technical article Your microcontroller deserves a nap – designing “sleepy” wireless applications PDF | HTML 16 Jun 2023
Technical article Engineers do better than magicians: HMI touch through a thick glass PDF | HTML 13 Sep 2023
Technical article How to power your thermostat using solid state relays PDF | HTML 12 Sep 2023
Analog Design Journal Building a greener, more secure planet 10 Nov 2017
Technical article Being smart isn’t enough for thermostats today PDF | HTML 08 Sep 2023
Technical article Powering the smart home with a simple charger PDF | HTML 07 Jul 2023
Technical article Effortless energy savings with the tado° Smart Thermostat PDF | HTML 03 Aug 2023

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