SPRA953D December   2003  – March 2024 CSD13201W10 , CSD13202Q2 , CSD13302W , CSD13303W1015 , CSD13306W , CSD13380F3 , CSD13381F4 , CSD13383F4 , CSD13385F5 , CSD15380F3 , CSD15571Q2 , CSD16301Q2 , CSD16321Q5 , CSD16322Q5 , CSD16323Q3 , CSD16325Q5 , CSD16327Q3 , CSD16340Q3 , CSD16342Q5A , CSD16401Q5 , CSD16403Q5A , CSD16404Q5A , CSD16406Q3 , CSD16407Q5 , CSD16408Q5 , CSD16409Q3 , CSD16410Q5A , CSD16411Q3 , CSD16412Q5A , CSD16413Q5A , CSD16414Q5 , CSD16415Q5 , CSD16556Q5B , CSD16570Q5B , CSD17301Q5A , CSD17302Q5A , CSD17303Q5 , CSD17304Q3 , CSD17305Q5A , CSD17306Q5A , CSD17307Q5A , CSD17308Q3 , CSD17309Q3 , CSD17310Q5A , CSD17311Q5 , CSD17312Q5 , CSD17313Q2 , CSD17318Q2 , CSD17322Q5A , CSD17327Q5A , CSD17381F4 , CSD17382F4 , CSD17483F4 , CSD17484F4 , CSD17501Q5A , CSD17505Q5A , CSD17506Q5A , CSD17507Q5A , CSD17510Q5A , CSD17522Q5A , CSD17527Q5A , CSD17551Q3A , CSD17551Q5A , CSD17552Q3A , CSD17552Q5A , CSD17553Q5A , CSD17555Q5A , CSD17556Q5B , CSD17559Q5 , CSD17570Q5B , CSD17571Q2 , CSD17573Q5B , CSD17575Q3 , CSD17576Q5B , CSD17577Q3A , CSD17577Q5A , CSD17578Q3A , CSD17578Q5A , CSD17579Q3A , CSD17579Q5A , CSD17581Q3A , CSD17581Q5A , CSD17585F5 , CSD18501Q5A , CSD18502KCS , CSD18502Q5B , CSD18503KCS , CSD18503Q5A , CSD18504KCS , CSD18504Q5A , CSD18509Q5B , CSD18510KCS , CSD18510KTT , CSD18510Q5B , CSD18511KCS , CSD18511KTT , CSD18511Q5A , CSD18512Q5B , CSD18513Q5A , CSD18514Q5A , CSD18531Q5A , CSD18532KCS , CSD18532NQ5B , CSD18532Q5B , CSD18533KCS , CSD18533Q5A , CSD18534KCS , CSD18534Q5A , CSD18535KCS , CSD18535KTT , CSD18536KCS , CSD18536KTT , CSD18537NKCS , CSD18537NQ5A , CSD18540Q5B , CSD18541F5 , CSD18542KCS , CSD18542KTT , CSD18543Q3A , CSD18563Q5A , CSD19501KCS , CSD19502Q5B , CSD19503KCS , CSD19505KCS , CSD19505KTT , CSD19506KCS , CSD19506KTT , CSD19531KCS , CSD19531Q5A , CSD19532KTT , CSD19532Q5B , CSD19533KCS , CSD19533Q5A , CSD19534KCS , CSD19534Q5A , CSD19535KCS , CSD19535KTT , CSD19536KCS , CSD19536KTT , CSD19537Q3 , CSD19538Q2 , CSD19538Q3A , CSD22202W15 , CSD22204W , CSD22205L , CSD22206W , CSD23202W10 , CSD23203W , CSD23280F3 , CSD23285F5 , CSD23381F4 , CSD23382F4 , CSD25202W15 , CSD25211W1015 , CSD25213W10 , CSD25304W1015 , CSD25310Q2 , CSD25402Q3A , CSD25404Q3 , CSD25480F3 , CSD25481F4 , CSD25483F4 , CSD25484F4 , CSD25485F5 , CSD25501F3 , CSD75207W15 , CSD75208W1015 , CSD83325L , CSD85301Q2 , CSD85302L , CSD85312Q3E , CSD86311W1723 , CSD86330Q3D , CSD86336Q3D , CSD86350Q5D , CSD86356Q5D , CSD86360Q5D , CSD87312Q3E , CSD87313DMS , CSD87330Q3D , CSD87331Q3D , CSD87333Q3D , CSD87334Q3D , CSD87335Q3D , CSD87350Q5D , CSD87351Q5D , CSD87351ZQ5D , CSD87352Q5D , CSD87353Q5D , CSD87355Q5D , CSD87381P , CSD87384M , CSD87501L , CSD87502Q2 , CSD87503Q3E , CSD87588N , CSD88537ND , CSD88539ND , CSD88584Q5DC , CSD88599Q5DC , DS90UH940N-Q1 , LM22670 , LM22671 , LM22671-Q1 , LM22672 , LM22672-Q1 , LM22673 , LM22673-Q1 , LM22674 , LM22674-Q1 , LM22675 , LM22675-Q1 , LM22676 , LM22676-Q1 , LM22677 , LM22677-Q1 , LM22678 , LM22678-Q1 , LM22679 , LM22679-Q1 , LM22680 , LM22680-Q1 , LM25574 , LM25574-Q1 , LM25575 , LM25575-Q1 , LM25576 , LM25576-Q1 , LM2574 , LM2574HV , LM2575 , LM2575HV , LM2576 , LM2576HV , LM2577 , LM2585 , LM2586 , LM2587 , LM2588 , LM2590HV , LM2591HV , LM2592HV , LM2593HV , LM2594 , LM2594HV , LM2595 , LM2596 , LM2597 , LM2597HV , LM2598 , LM2599 , LM2670 , LM2671 , LM2672 , LM2673 , LM2674 , LM2675 , LM2676 , LM2677 , LM2678 , LM2679 , LM2698 , LM2736 , LM2840 , LM2840-Q1 , LM2841 , LM2841-Q1 , LM2842 , LM2842-Q1 , LM3100 , LM3102 , LM3102-Q1 , LM3103 , LM3691 , LM43600 , LM43601 , LM43602 , LM43603 , LM46000 , LM46001 , LM46002 , LM5574 , LM5574-Q1 , LM5575 , LM5575-Q1 , LM5576 , LM5576-Q1 , LMR10510 , LMR10515 , LMR10520 , LMR10530 , LMR12007 , LMR12010 , LMR12015 , LMR12020 , LMR14203 , LMR14206 , LMR16006 , LMR24210 , LMR24220 , LMR61428 , LMR62014 , LMR62421 , LMR64010 , LMR70503 , SN74SSQE32882 , SN74SSQEA32882 , TMS320C28341 , TMS320C28342 , TMS320C28343 , TMS320C28343-Q1 , TMS320C28344 , TMS320C28345 , TMS320C28346 , TMS320C28346-Q1 , TMS320F280021 , TMS320F280021-Q1 , TMS320F280023 , TMS320F280023-Q1 , TMS320F280023C , TMS320F280025 , TMS320F280025-Q1 , TMS320F280025C , TMS320F280025C-Q1 , TMS320F280040-Q1 , TMS320F280040C-Q1 , TMS320F280041 , TMS320F280041-Q1 , TMS320F280041C , TMS320F280041C-Q1 , TMS320F280045 , TMS320F280048-Q1 , TMS320F280048C-Q1 , TMS320F280049 , TMS320F280049-Q1 , TMS320F280049C , TMS320F280049C-Q1 , TMS320F2801 , TMS320F2801-Q1 , TMS320F2802-Q1 , TMS320F28020 , TMS320F28021 , TMS320F28022 , TMS320F28022-Q1 , TMS320F28023 , TMS320F28023-Q1 , TMS320F28026 , TMS320F28026-Q1 , TMS320F28026F , TMS320F28027 , TMS320F28027-Q1 , TMS320F28027F , TMS320F28027F-Q1 , TMS320F28030 , TMS320F28030-Q1 , TMS320F28031 , TMS320F28031-Q1 , TMS320F28032 , TMS320F28032-Q1 , TMS320F28033 , TMS320F28033-Q1 , TMS320F28034 , TMS320F28034-Q1 , TMS320F28035 , TMS320F28035-Q1 , TMS320F28050 , TMS320F28051 , TMS320F28052 , TMS320F28052-Q1 , TMS320F28052F , TMS320F28052F-Q1 , TMS320F28052M , TMS320F28052M-Q1 , TMS320F28053 , TMS320F28054 , TMS320F28054-Q1 , TMS320F28054F , TMS320F28054F-Q1 , TMS320F28054M , TMS320F28054M-Q1 , TMS320F28055 , TMS320F2806 , TMS320F2806-Q1 , TMS320F28062 , TMS320F28062-Q1 , TMS320F28062F , TMS320F28062F-Q1 , TMS320F28063 , TMS320F28064 , TMS320F28065 , TMS320F28066 , TMS320F28066-Q1 , TMS320F28067 , TMS320F28067-Q1 , TMS320F28068F , TMS320F28068M , TMS320F28069 , TMS320F28069-Q1 , TMS320F28069F , TMS320F28069F-Q1 , TMS320F28069M , TMS320F28069M-Q1 , TMS320F28075 , TMS320F28075-Q1 , TMS320F2808 , TMS320F2808-Q1 , TMS320F2810 , TMS320F2810-Q1 , TMS320F2811 , TMS320F2811-Q1 , TMS320F2812 , TMS320F2812-Q1 , TMS320F28232 , TMS320F28232-Q1 , TMS320F28234 , TMS320F28234-Q1 , TMS320F28235 , TMS320F28235-Q1 , TMS320F28332 , TMS320F28333 , TMS320F28334 , TMS320F28335 , TMS320F28335-Q1 , TMS320F28374D , TMS320F28374S , TMS320F28375D , TMS320F28375S , TMS320F28375S-Q1 , TMS320F28376D , TMS320F28376S , TMS320F28377D , TMS320F28377D-Q1 , TMS320F28377S , TMS320F28377S-Q1 , TMS320F28379D , TMS320F28379D-Q1 , TMS320F28379S , TMS320LF2401A , TMS320LF2402A , TMS320LF2403A , TMS320LF2406A , TMS320LF2407A , TPS54020 , TPS54218 , TPS54318 , TPS54320 , TPS54418 , TPS54478 , TPS54618 , TPS54622 , TPS54623 , TPS54678 , TPS56121 , TPS56221

 

  1.   1
  2.   Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics
  3.   Trademarks
  4. 1RθJA Junction-to-Ambient and RθJMA Junction-to-Moving Air
    1. 1.1 Usage
    2. 1.2 Test Card Impact
    3. 1.3 Die Size Impact
    4. 1.4 Internal Package Geometrical Configuration
    5. 1.5 Altitude
    6. 1.6 Ambient Temperature
    7. 1.7 Power Dissipation
    8. 1.8 RθJA Effective
  5. 2RθJC Junction-to-Case
    1. 2.1 Copper (Cu) Cold Plate RθJC Measurement
    2. 2.2 RθJC Application
    3. 2.3 Rθ(CS)
    4. 2.4 RθJC(top) and RθJC(bot)
  6. 3ΨJT, Junction to Top of Package
    1. 3.1 Case Temperature Measurement
    2. 3.2 ΨJT vs RθJC When Using Heat Sinks
  7. 4Rθ(JB) Junction-To-Board
    1. 4.1 Rθ(JB) Measurement Method
  8. 5ΨJB Junction-to-Board Characterization Parameter
    1. 5.1 ΨJB Application
  9. 6Industrial and Commercial Temperature Ranges
  10. 7Miscellaneous Definitions
  11. 8References
  12. 9Revision History

RθJC Application

The old and obsolete understanding of RθJC is shown in Equation 3.

Equation 3. GUID-A78B4975-4E1C-4D1A-AE0A-A226E0AF9C83-low.gif

Here, the package thermal performance RθJA is reported to be the sum of two resistances: RθJC and RθCA. RθCA stands for the case-to-ambient thermal resistance, which was defined by this equation. This might have been a valid equation for packages with metal cans, which were relatively at a constant temperature and were not thermally coupled to the PCB. But, these conditions do not apply with today’s plastic or ceramic packages that are tightly coupled to the PCB. Large thermal gradients are common across modern packages, so the meaning of Equation 3 is questionable.

A traditional, but invalid, usage of RθJC is to calculate the junction temperatures of chips operating in a system. Case temperatures of devices operating in the system are measured using thermocouples, IR cameras, or Fluoroptic® probes. Equation 4 is then mistakenly used to calculate the junction temperature: Equation 4:

Equation 4. GUID-FAEE63AD-29C1-4721-9F2A-3067B6A35E43-low.gif

The fallacy here is that only a very small percentage of heat energy in a typical plastic package is convected and radiated off the top surface of the package. Many models have shown 60%-95% of thermal energy from a chip is actually convected and radiated off the PCB to which the package is attached. If one assumes the entire power is dissipated by the top surface, the junction temperature calculated by Equation 4 is higher than reality. In designs with thermal margin, this is a nuisance, but in designs without thermal margin, erroneous limitations might be imposed. This limitation of RθJC is overcome by the new thermal metric, ΨJT, which is described below.

Equation 5 shows the proper application of RθJC for those instances when a high-efficiency heat sink is applied to the top surface of a device for which RθJC is small compared to RθJA:

Equation 5. GUID-84B8E086-A1E1-4FC8-96A1-E47145BA6503-low.gif

Here, Rθ(SA) is the heat sink-to-ambient performance of the heat sink and Rθ(CS) is the case-to-heat sink thermal resistance of the thermal interface material (see Equation 7). The ambient temperature is at the location used for characterizing Rθ(SA), usually some distance away from the heat sink. This equation is the most accurate for packages where RθJC is small compared to RθJA, meaning that most of the heat can be dissipated through the top surface of the package when a sufficiently efficient heat sink is applied.

Equation 6 shows an approximation that is more accurate than Equation 5 for any combination of RθJA, RθJC, or Rθ(SA) if RθJA is known for the system configuration:

Equation 6. GUID-D05800A6-FAB3-4596-B489-21E42CC99B70-low.gif